COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF PDZD2 EXPRESSION AND REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BREAST INVASIVE CARCINOMA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PROGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETING
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Keywords
Breast Invasive Carcinoma, Diagnosis, Treatment
Abstract
The investigation focused on elucidating the role of PDZD2 expression and its regulatory mechanisms in Breast Invasive Carcinoma (BRCA). Employing the UALCAN database, PDZD2 expression analysis unveiled a significant down-regulation in cancerous cells compared to normal controls, suggesting its involvement in BRCA proliferation. Further dissecting PDZD2 expression across various parameters revealed consistent down-regulation in different cancer stages, racial groups, genders, and age categories within BRCA patients, indicative of its pivotal role in disease progression. Additionally, this study explored the promoter methylation status of PDZD2, revealing a significant divergence between BRCA samples and normal controls. Analyzing promoter methylation across different parameters uncovered dynamic variations, with distinct methylation patterns observed across cancer stages, racial groups, genders, and age groups. Survival analysis using the KM plotter tool demonstrated a significant correlation between PDZD2 expression levels and overall survival in BRCA patients, with low PDZD2 expression correlating with higher survival rates. Furthermore, mutational analysis using the cBioPortal platform revealed a mutation rate of 4% in BRCA samples, predominantly featuring amplifications, deep deletions, and some missense mutations in PDZD2. However, these genetic alterations were observed to have minimal impact on PDZD2 dysregulation in BRCA. Collectively, these findings emphasize the multifaceted involvement of PDZD2 in BRCA pathogenesis, emphasizing its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in BRCA management.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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Shahid Ullah
Department of Biochemistry Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
Syed Meesam Raza
Department of Microbiology, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Alkuwaykibi M S
General Medicine and Surgery, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, KSA
Hedib Alkoumi H Alrawili
Wolfson College, School of Medicine, Oxford University, England UK
Hafeezullah
Department of Microbiology, Abasyn University, Peshawar, Pakistan
Alruwaili A M
Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University Arar 91431, KSA
Jamal Muhammad Khan
Department of Parasitology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan