IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL, CYTOTOXIC AND THROMBOLYTIC POTENTIAL OF SYZYGIUM CUMINI LEAF EXTRACT

Abstract

Natural products from plants have been significant source of bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological properties. Syzygium cumini commonly known as jamun, is a plant widely recognized for its traditional medicinal uses. This study is aimed to assess the in vitro evaluation of antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and thrombolytic potential of Syzygium cumini leaf extract. The extracts were prepared using different solvents methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The extracts of Syzygium cumini leaves were screened for total phenolic and flavonoid content using Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminium chloride assay, respectively. The antioxidant activity was measured through DPPH scavenging assay. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was evaluated against bacterial strains using agar well diffusion method. The cytotoxic and thrombolytic potential was assessed through hemolytic assay and clot lysis method, respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of significant amounts of total phenolic (272.80 mgGAE/g) and flavonoid (383.684 µg catechin equivalents/ml) content in the S.cumini methanolic extract as compared to ethanolic and aqueous extract. The DPPH assay demonstrated highest % inhibition of 44.252% in S. cumini ethanolic extract then methanolic and aqueous extract. Antibacterial investigation showed the zone of inhibition ranging from 11mm to 20mm as compared to standard ciprofloxacin. Moreover, the S. cumini extracts showed cytotoxic activity ranging from (3.715 to 6.727), highest activity shown by ethanolic extract. In the study of thrombolytic potential, different extracts of S. cumini revealed varying degrees of thrombolytic activity ranging from 14.191 to 19.552 %, ethanolic extract comparatively showed highest value. The findings suggest that S. cumini leaves has antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and thrombolytic potential.