Exploring the Phytochemical Profile and Potent Healing Properties of Pteris vittata L.
Main Article Content
Keywords
Pteris vittata L, Fronds,, Phytochemistry, Antibacterial Activity, Anticancer Activity
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer and multi-drug resistant bacterial strains are major causes of global mortality. Natural products offer a safe and cost-effective alternative to combat these issues. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and anticancer properties of P. vittata. Fronds of P. vittata were extracted using different solvents, and their bioactivities (anti-bacterial and anti-cancer) and phytochemical composition were analyzed. The data analysis revealed that P. vittata contains a wide range of phytochemicals, including alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, carotenoids, carbohydrates, saponins, quinines, coumarins, phlobatanins, and phenols. Quantitative analysis showed significantly higher levels of phenolics (948.78 ± 14.78), reducing sugar (687.55 ± 37.97), and ascorbic acid (419.64 ± 5.69), followed by flavonoids (292.67 ± 6.32). Furthermore, the organic solvent extracts demonstrated notable activity against specific bacterial strains. The chloroform extract exhibited a significantly larger zone of inhibition against S. aureus (17±0.57), followed by E. coli (15±0.57) and K. pneumoniae (14±0.57). The ethyl acetate extract significantly inhibited the growth of S. aureus (16.66±0.33) and K. pneumoniae (15.33±1.20). Similarly, the methyl alcohol extract showed higher zones of inhibition against S. aureus (17.33±1.20), followed by E. coli (12.66±1.45). The N-hexane extract also displayed remarkable activity against S. aureus (16.33±0.88), P. aeruginosa (11.33±1.85), and K. pneumoniae (11±1.00). Moreover, higher doses of the plant's ethanolic extract (1000ug cell viability assay, 2000ug colony formation assay) significantly inhibited the growth of both AGS and SGC cancer cell lines. However, the plant extract did not exhibit any anticancer potential at lower doses. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that P. vittata is rich in phytochemicals and its extracts possess remarkable antibacterial and anticancer properties. The active constituents of this plant could be utilized in the management of gastric cancer and diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacterial strains.
Key words: Pteris vittata L., Fronds, Phytochemistry, Antibacterial Activity, Anticancer Activity.
References
References
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1. Aljeldah, M. M. (2022). Antimicrobial resistance and its spread is a global threat. Antibiotics, 11(8), 1082.
2. Alajmi, A. M., Alamoudi, A. A., Halwani, A. A., Almangour, T. A., Almozain, N. H., Al-Jedai, A., & Tawfik, E. A. (2023). Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness, Antibiotics Prescription Errors and Dispensing Patterns by Community Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 16(1), 34-41.
3. Algammal, A., Hetta, H. F., Mabrok, M., & Behzadi, P. (2023). Emerging multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens “superbugs”: a rising public health threat. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14, 1135614.
4. Yassin, M. T., Mostafa, A. A. F., Al-Askar, A. A., & Al-Otibi, F. O. (2022). Facile green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Origanum majorana with potential bioactivity against multidrug resistant bacterial strains. Crystals, 12(5), 603.
5. Choudhary, M. I., Römling, U., Nadeem, F., Bilal, H. M., Zafar, M., Jahan, H., & Ur-Rahman, A. (2022). Innovative Strategies to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance and Tolerance. Microorganisms, 11(1), 16.
6. Pacios, O., Blasco, L., Bleriot, I., Fernandez-Garcia, L., González Bardanca, M., Ambroa, A., ... & Tomás, M. (2020). Strategies to combat multidrug-resistant and persistent infectious diseases. Antibiotics, 9(2), 65.
7. Tudor, C. (2022). A Novel Approach to Modeling and Forecasting Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates through Web Queries and Automated Forecasting Algorithms: Evidence from Romania. Biology, 11(6), 857.
8. Ifijen, I. H., Ikhuoria, E. U., Omorogbe, S. O., Anegbe, B., Jonathan, E. M., & Chikaodili, D. I. (2023). Chemical, plant and microbial mediated synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles: antimicrobial and anticancer potency. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1-27.
9. Barrios, C. H. (2022). Global challenges in breast cancer detection and treatment. The Breast, 62, S3-S6.
10. Ajani, J. A., D’Amico, T. A., Bentrem, D. J., Chao, J., Cooke, D., Corvera, C., ... & Pluchino, L. A. (2022). Gastric cancer, version 2.2022, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 20(2), 167-192.
11. Kim, T. H., Kim, I. H., Kang, S. J., Choi, M., Kim, B. H., Eom, B. W., ... & Kong, S. H. (2023). Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: an evidence-based, multidisciplinary approach. Journal of Gastric Cancer, 23(1), 3.
12. Ji, D., Feng, H., Hou, L., Xu, Y., Wang, X., Zhao, W., & Tan, G. (2023). LINC00511, a future star for the diagnosis and therapy of digestive system malignant tumors. Pathology-Research and Practice, 154382.
13. Hashimoto, I., & Oshima, T. (2022). Claudins and gastric cancer: an overview. Cancers, 14(2), 290.
14. Ndhlovu, P. T., Asong, J. A., Omotayo, A. O., Otang-Mbeng, W., & Aremu, A. O. (2023). Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by indigenous knowledge holders to manage healthcare needs in children. PloS one, 18(3), e0282113.
15. El-Saadony, M. T., Zabermawi, N. M., Zabermawi, N. M., Burollus, M. A., Shafi, M. E., Alagawany, M. & Abd El-Hack, M. E. (2023). Nutritional aspects and health benefits of bioactive plant compounds against infectious diseases: a review. Food Reviews International, 39(4), 2138-2160.
16. Zhou, Y. X., Cao, X. Y., & Peng, C. (2022). Antimicrobial activity of natural products against MDR bacteria: A scientometric visualization analysis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 1000974.
17. Umer, S. M., Solangi, M., Khan, K. M., & Saleem, R. S. Z. (2022). Indole-Containing Natural Products 2019–2022: Isolations, Reappraisals, Syntheses, and Biological Activities. Molecules, 27(21), 7586.
18. Cuevas-Cianca, S. I., Romero-Castillo, C., Gálvez-Romero, J. L., Juárez, Z. N., & Hernández, L. R. (2023). Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Edible Plants with Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Potential Use as Drugs. Molecules, 28(3), 1488.
19. Juliasih, N. K. A., & Adnyana, I. M. D. M. (2023). Utilization of Pteridophyta species in Cyathea Park, Bali, as traditional medicine agents: A field study and meta-synthesis review. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 15(2), 11522-11522.
20. Das, D., & Patra, B. (2021). Traditional pteridophytic herbal medicines and reproductive health disorders in women-A Review. The Journal of Phytopharmacology. 10 (6): 490, 495.
21. Farràs, A., Mitjans, M., Maggi, F., Caprioli, G., Vinardell, M. P., & López, V. (2022). Exploring wild Aspleniaceae ferns as safety sources of polyphenols: The case of Asplenium trichomanes L. and Ceterach officinarum Willd. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 994215.
22. Iqbal, S., Arifeen, S., Akbar, A., Zahoor, S., Maher, S., Khan, N., & Sajjad, A. (2019). 76. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial assay of the crude extract and fractions of Ferula oopoda. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB), 8(1), 742-749.
23. Ali, S., Khan, M. N., Ali, K., Zaman, A., & Iqbal, M. (2020). Preliminary phytochemical analysis of selected plants occurring in district Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB), 9(1), 683-695.
24. Carillo, P., & Gibon, Y. (2011). Protocol: extraction and determination of proline. PrometheusWiki.
25. Lao, F., & Giusti, M. M. (2016). Quantification of purple corn (Zea mays L.) anthocyanins using spectrophotometric and HPLC approaches: method comparison and correlation. Food analytical methods, 9(5), 1367-1380.
26. Mir, M. A., Sawhney, S. S., & Jassal, M. M. S. (2013). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytochemicals of Taraxacum officinale. Wudpecker Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmocology, 2(1), 1-5.
27. Senguttuvan, J., Paulsamy, S., & Karthika, K. (2014). Phytochemical analysis and evaluation of leaf and root parts of the medicinal herb, Hypochaeris radicata L. for in vitro antioxidant activities. Asian Pacific journal of tropical biomedicine, 4, S359-S367.
28. Pawar, H. A., & D'Mello, P. M. (2011). Spectrophotometric estimation of total polysaccharides in Cassia tora gum. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 1(3), 93.
29. Yousefi, S. R., H. A. Alshamsi, O. Amiri and M. Salavati-Niasari. (2021). Synthesis, characterization and application of Co/Co3O4 nano composites as an effective photo catalyst for discoloration of organic dye contaminants in wastewater and antibacterial properties. Journal of Molecular Liquids., 337: 0167-7322.
30. Nilsson, M. B., Sun, H., Robichaux, J., Pfeifer, M., McDermott, U., Travers, J., ... & Heymach, J. V. (2020). A YAP/FOXM1 axis mediates EMT-associated EGFR inhibitor resistance and increased expression of spindle assembly checkpoint components. Science translational medicine, 12(559), eaaz4589.
31. Mohammed, H. A., R. A. Khan, A. A. Abdel-Hafez, M. Abdel-Aziz, E. Ahmed, S. Enany and M. M. Hegazy. (2021). Phytochemical profiling, in vitro and in silico anti-microbial and anti-cancer activity evaluations and Staph Gyrase B and h-TOP-IIβ receptor-docking studies of major constituents of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Aqueous-ethanolic extract and its subsequent fractions, An approach to validate traditional phytomedicinal knowledge. Molecules., 26(3): 577.
32. Yuan, H., Ma, Q., Ye, L., & Piao, G. 2016. The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products. Molecules, 21(5), 559.
33. Zhang, B., Jin, X., Yin, H., Zhang, D., Zhou, H., Zhang, X., & Tran, L. S. P. (2020). Natural products, traditional uses and pharmacological activities of the genus Biebersteinia (Biebersteiniaceae). Plants, 9(5), 595.
34. Khalid, M., M. Amayreh, S. Sanduka, Z. Salah, F. Al-Rimawi, G. M. Al-Mazaideh and M. H. F. Shalayel. (2022). Assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of Sisymbrium officinale plant extract. Heliyon., 8(9): 10477.
35. Agyare, C., Akindele, A. J., & Steenkamp, V. (2019). Natural products and/or isolated compounds on wound healing. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.
36. Anand, U., Jacobo-Herrera, N., Altemimi, A., & Lakhssassi, N. (2019). A comprehensive review on medicinal plants as antimicrobial therapeutics: potential avenues of biocompatible drug discovery. Metabolites, 9(11), 258.
37. Zhang, W., Lin, H., Cheng, W., Huang, Z., & Zhang, W. (2022). Protective effect and mechanism of plant-based monoterpenoids in non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 70(16), 4839-4859.
38. Rahman, M. M., Rahaman, M. S., Islam, M. R., Hossain, M. E., Mannan Mithi, F., Ahmed, M., ... & Sobarzo-Sánchez, E. (2021). Multifunctional therapeutic potential of phytocomplexes and natural extracts for antimicrobial properties. Antibiotics, 10(9), 1076.
39. Asuzu, P. C., Trompeter, N. S., Cooper, C. R., Besong, S. A., & Aryee, A. N. (2022). Cell Culture-Based Assessment of Toxicity and Therapeutics of Phytochemical Antioxidants. Molecules, 27(3), 1087.
40. Kumar, A., P, N., Kumar, M., Jose, A., Tomer, V., Oz, E., ... & Oz, F. (2023). Major phytochemicals: Recent advances in health benefits and extraction method. Molecules, 28(2), 887.
41. Patial, P. K., & Cannoo, D. S. (2021). First-time comparative investigation on Araucaria columnaris (G. Forst.) Hook. leaves: Extraction techniques, phytochemicals, medicinal activities, and DFT study. Medicinal Chemistry Research, 30, 196-214.
42. Truong, D. H., Nguyen, D. H., Ta, N. T. A., Bui, A. V., Do, T. H., & Nguyen, H. C. (2019). Evaluation of the use of different solvents for phytochemical constituents, antioxidants, and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Severinia buxifolia. Journal of food quality, 2019.
43. Wado, T. E., Suleman, S., & Mohammed, T. (2022). Antimicrobial Evaluation of Sequentially extracted Leaf of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern (Rejicho). BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 22(1), 1-10.
44. Aissani, F., Grara, N., Bensouici, C., Bousbia, A., Ayed, H., Idris, M. H. M., & Teh, L. K. (2021). Algerian Sonchus oleraceus L.: a comparison of different extraction solvent on phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties and anti-cholinesterase activity. Advances in Traditional Medicine, 1-12.
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Aug 7, 2024
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Syed Ahsan Shah, Alia Gul, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Tayyaba Asghar, Attaullah, Naila Sardar, Muhammad Asif, & Zafar Iqbal. (2024). Exploring the Phytochemical Profile and Potent Healing Properties of Pteris vittata L. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(8), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i8.4617
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author Biographies
Syed Ahsan Shah
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Alia Gul
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Tayyaba Asghar
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Biosciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore
Attaullah
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Naila Sardar
Medical Teaching Institute, Lady reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Asif
Department of Zoology, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
Zafar Iqbal
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan