A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON THE ASSOCIATION OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA WITH DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS
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Keywords
Neuropathy, retinopathy, HbA1c, hypertension, hypomagnesemia
Abstract
Background: Magnesium is considered an essential electrolyte for any living organism and is the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body. It serves as a cofactor for over 600 vital enzymatic reactions in the human body and an activator for an additional 200. The decrease in the level of magnesium may result in a defective tyrosine-kinase activity, causing detremental effect on the insulin receptors resulting in an impairment of insulin action.
Objective: To study the association of hypomagnesemia with diabetic complications in type2 diabetics
Materials and method: The present cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of medicine, Bolan medical college/ Bolan medical complex hospital Quetta from July 2023 to December 2023 for six months of duration after the provision of the certificate from the institutional interview board. A total of 100 diabetic admitted patients were randomly selected for the study ages from 30 to 70 years irrespective of their gender. Informed consent was obtained from each participant. Magnesium levels below1.6 mg/dl were used as the standard for hypomagnesemia. All the participants were assured that their confidentiality and privacy would be maintained. The data was collected from each participant. All the collected data through physical assessment were analyzed by using the latest SPSS 24.
Results: A total of 100 diabetic admitted patients were randomly selected for the study ages from 30 to 70 years irrespective of their gender. The mean age of the participants was 53.86 ±9.74 years. The mean HbA1c of the participants was 8.7 ± 2.32. 48 % of them had HbA1c less than 8 while 52 % had greater than 8 HbA1c. The mean HbA1c in the hypomagnesemia group was 10.8 ± 1.98 while in normomagnesemia was 8.9 ± 2.2. There were 58.97%-foot ulcers among Group 1 while in Group 2 was 31.14%. 38.46 % and 14.75 % had neuropathy in Groups 1 and 2 respectively. Nephropathy in Group 1 was 28.20 % and in Group 2 was 11.47 %. 69.23% of Group 1 had retinopathy and 37.70 % was in Group 2. Hypertension was 23.07 % in Group 1 and 37.70% in Group 2, moreover, 7.69 % and 8.19% had coronary diseases in Groups 1 and 2 accordingly.
Conclusion: The current study concluded that hypomagnesemia was found to have an association with diabetic complications like neuropathy, nephropathy, foot ulcers, and poor glycemic control as evidenced by HbA1c.
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Tariq Mehmood
Medicine PGMI/Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayyed Al Nehan Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan
Samreen Bugti
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Bolan Medical College/ Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan
Taqdees Zahra
Assistant Professor Medicine Department, Bolan Medical College/ Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan
Tahira
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Bolan Medical College/ Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quetta, Pakistan