EXAMINING DAPAGLIFLOZIN'S IMPACT ON CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH IN HFREF PATIENTS: DIABETES TYPE 2 CONSIDERATION

Abstract

Background: The drug Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has shown cardiovascular benefits in the case of heart failure. Nonetheless, it is uncertain whether the medication can help patients with heart failure who also have reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus which calls for more investigations.

Objective: To determine the effect of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) emphasizing differences by presence or absence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Study design: A Cross-sectional study

Place and duration of study: The Study was done at the Department of Endocrinology, HMC Peshawar from January 2021 to March 2021 lasting three months.

Methods: In total, there were one hundred and sixty persons under observation including eighty individuals suffering from type 2 diabetes and eighty patients without any such diagnosis. From January to March 2021; a cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Endocrinology in HMC Peshawar. Patients with HFrEF were stratified based on diabetes type 2 status and treatment with dapagliflozin, with cardiovascular outcomes assessed and compared between groups.

Results: The study consisted of an equal number of subjects divided into two categories according to whether they had been diagnosed as having type-2 diabetes or not. Treatment by means of dapagliflozin proved successful to this end. In terms of frequency for hospitalization which plummeted down to (0.9 ± 0.2) in T2DM group compared to that in non-T2DM group (0.7 ±0.3). Additionally; EF increased significantly (+5%) whilst a prolonged walking time via six minutes’ walk test occurred (+40%) after using it as well.The adverse effects were low (10%in T2DM group, 12% in non-T2DM). Comparison with control groups revealed favored outcomes. In light of this the findings indicate ace efficacy of dapagliflozin irrespective of type 2 diabetes status in protecting cardiovascular health on heart failure patients underlining its potential clinical importance.

Conclusion: Dapagliflozin demonstrates efficacy in improving cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure patients, irrespective of type 2 diabetes status. These findings support its potential as a therapeutic option for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, warranting further exploration in clinical practice and future research endeavors.