A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON PATTERN OF THYROIDITIS IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
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Keywords
Multiple Sclerosis, Thyroiditis, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, Pattern
Abstract
Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by an autoimmune response to the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in inflammation, demyelination and axonal detachment. The present study aimed to assess the thyroiditis pattern in multiple sclerosis.
Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 142 multi-sclerosis patients in the department of medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad from March 2022 to March 2023. Patients who met the criteria for infectious thyroiditis, and exhibited symptoms such as painful thyroid palpation, neck pain, and fever in addition to the laboratory investigation. Clinical examination and positive antibodies presence was the baseline criteria for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Results: The overall mean age of MS with thyroiditis (Group-I) (n=62) and MS without thyroiditis (Group-II) (n=84) was 28.7 ± 5.86 and 29.92 ± 6.78 years respectively. The mean duration of disease in Group-I and Group-II was 6.78 ± 0.89 and 5.84 ± 0.85 years respectively. The incidence of autoimmune thyroiditis and infectious thyroiditis was 37% (n=54) and 5.5% (n=8) respectively. For disease-modifying drugs (DMD), the prevalence of thyroiditis was higher in MS, patients treated with interferon-beta-1b. Among Group-I patients, the clinical presentation of MS in autoimmune thyroiditis vs. infectious thyroiditis were as follows: Sensory (32 (59.3%) vs. 4 (50%)), Motor (39 (72.2%) vs. 5 (62.5%)), Speech (8 (14.5%) vs. 3 (37.5%)), and visual (42 (77.8%) vs. 6 (75%)).
Conclusion: The present study found that the prevalence of thyroiditis was 42.5%. Thyroiditis is significantly related to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and interferon beta-1B as a treatment option for MS. Autoimmune thyroiditis is frequently related to interferon beta-1B which causes Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.
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Fareeha Akram
House Officer Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad - Pakistan
Usama Tasadduq Satti
House Officer, FG Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad - Pakistan
Ayesha Hanif
Medical Officer Anesthesia, Doctor's Hospital and Medical Centre, Lahore - Pakistan
Um e Roman Moughal
Woman Medical Officer, Rural Health Center, Old Thana, Malir Karachi - Pakistan
Iqra Zulfiqar
Demonstrator Pharmacology, Mohi-ud-din Islamic Medical College, Mirpur – AJK
Maham Dilshad
Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore - Pakistan