Association of Gingival Biotypes and Retraction Method Used on Quality of Two Stage Putty Impressions- A Retrospective Study
Main Article Content
Keywords
retraction cords, impression, gingival biotype, flash
Abstract
Objective: The present study assessed the influence of gingival biotypes and retraction methods on the quality of two stage putty impressions.
Methodology: A total of 518 documented and completed FPD cases were selected for assessment of gingival biotype, retraction cords used and degree of flash achieved in master impression. The prevalence of gingival biotype and its association with the combination of cords used and the quality of two-stage putty impressions obtained was evaluated using descriptive statistics.
Results: A statistical significant correlation (p=0.024) was found between the gingival biotypes and quality of the master impression (function of degree of flash). A 360° flash was significantly higher in the scalloped and thin gingival type (55% cases). A significant correlation between the biotype and the combination of retraction cord used (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on our study, use of 00+1 or 000+1 gingival retraction cords is advised for thin gingival biotypes which in turn would help in achieving a greater quality of impression and preserve the periodontal attachment for survival of the prosthesis.
References
1. Silness J. Periodontal conditions in patients treated with dental bridges [Internet]. Vol. 5, Journal of Periodontal Research. 1970. p. 60–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1970.tb01839.x
2. Silness J. Periodontal conditions in patients treated with dental bridges. 2. The influence of full and partial crowns on plaque accumulation, development of gingivitis and pocket formation. J Periodontal Res. 1970;5(3):219–24.
3. Ericson S, Hedega˚rd B, Odont D, Wennstro¨m A, Odont D. Roentgenographic study of vital abutment teeth [Internet]. Vol. 16, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1966. p. 981–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(66)90022-9
4. Wöstmann B, Blöβer T, Gouentenoudis M, Balkenhol M, Ferger P. Influence of margin design on the fit of high-precious alloy restorations in patients [Internet]. Vol. 33, Journal of Dentistry. 2005. p. 611–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2005.01.002
5. Felton DA, Kanoy BE, Bayne SC, Wirthman GP. Effect of in vivo crown margin discrepancies on periodontal health. J Prosthet Dent. 1991 Mar;65(3):357–64.
6. Padbury A Jr, Eber R, Wang HL. Interactions between the gingiva and the margin of restorations. J Clin Periodontol. 2003 May;30(5):379–85.
7. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics. Mosby Elsevier Health Science; 1995. 672 p.
8. Johnson GH, Mancl LA, Schwedhelm ER, Verhoef DR, Lepe X. Clinical trial investigating success rates for polyether and vinyl polysiloxane impressions made with full-arch and dual-arch plastic trays. J Prosthet Dent. 2010 Jan;103(1):13–22.
9. Donovan TE, Gandara BK, Nemetz H. Review and survey of medicaments used with gingival retraction cords [Internet]. Vol. 53, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1985. p. 525–31. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(85)90640-7
10. Baharav H, Kupershmidt I, Laufer BZ, Cardash HS. The effect of sulcular width on the linear accuracy of impression materials in the presence of an undercut. Int J Prosthodont. 2004 Sep;17(5):585–9.
11. Idris B, Houston F, Claffey N. Comparison of the dimensional accuracy of one- and two-step techniques with the use of putty/wash addition silicone impression materials. J Prosthet Dent. 1995 Nov;74(5):535–41.
12. Nissan J, Gross M, Shifman A, Assif D. Effect of wash bulk on the accuracy of polyvinyl siloxane putty-wash impressions. J Oral Rehabil. 2002 Apr;29(4):357–61.
13. Hansen PA, Tira DE, Barlow J. Current methods of finish-line exposure by practicing prosthodontists. J Prosthodont. 1999 Sep;8(3):163–70.
14. Laufer BZ, Baharav H, Ganor Y, Cardash HS. The effect of marginal thickness on the distortion of different impression materials. J Prosthet Dent. 1996 Nov;76(5):466–71.
15. Benson BW, Bomberg TJ, Hatch RA, Hoffman W Jr. Tissue displacement methods in fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent. 1986 Feb;55(2):175–81.
16. Jokstad A. Clinical trial of gingival retraction cords [Internet]. Vol. 81, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1999. p. 258–61. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(99)70266-0
17. Kumbuloglu O, User A, Toksavul S, Boyacioglu H. Clinical evaluation of different gingival retraction cords. Quintessence Int. 2007 Feb;38(2):e92–8.
18. Ochsenbein C. Current Status of Osseous Surgery [Internet]. Vol. 48, Journal of Periodontology. 1977. p. 577–86. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1977.48.9.577
19. Bandi R, Shetty T, Rodrigues SJ, Mundathaje M, Srikant N, Saldanha S, et al. Comparison of quality of impression and clinical performance after gingival displacement with magic foam cord and gingival retraction cord-An in vivo study [Internet]. Vol. 9, Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2018. p. 374. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00749.0
20. Malli Sureshbabu N, Selvarasu K, V JK, Nandakumar M, Selvam D. Concentrated Growth Factors as an Ingenious Biomaterial in Regeneration of Bony Defects after Periapical Surgery: A Report of Two Cases. Case Rep Dent. 2019 Jan 22;2019:7046203.
21. Ahad M, Gheena S. Awareness, attitude and knowledge about evidence based dentistry among the dental practitioner in Chennai city. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016;9(11):1863.
22. PradeepKumar AR, Shemesh H, Jothilatha S, Vijayabharathi R, Jayalakshmi S, Kishen A. Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fractures in Restored Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Time-dependent Retrospective Cohort Study. J Endod. 2016 Aug;42(8):1175–80.
23. Jangid K, Alexander AJ, Jayakumar ND, Varghese S, Ramani P. Ankyloglossia with cleft lip: A rare case report. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2015 Nov;19(6):690–3.
24. Kumar A, Sherlin HJ, Ramani P, Natesan A, Premkumar P. Expression of CD 68, CD 45 and human leukocyte antigen-DR in central and peripheral giant cell granuloma, giant cell tumor of long bones, and tuberculous granuloma: An immunohistochemical study. Indian J Dent Res. 2015 May;26(3):295–303.
25. Manohar J, Abilasha R. A Study on the Knowledge of Causes and Prevalance of Pigmentation of Gingiva among Dental Students [Internet]. Vol. 10, Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2019. p. 95. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01859.x
26. Sekar D, Mani P, Biruntha M, Sivagurunathan P, Karthigeyan M. Dissecting the functional role of microRNA 21 in osteosarcoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2019 Jul;26(7-8):179–82.
27. Girija SA, Jayaseelan VP, Arumugam P. Prevalence of VIM- and GIM-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from patients with severe urinary tract infection. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2018 Dec 1;65(4):539–50.
28. Maheswari TNU, Venugopal A, Sureshbabu NM, Ramani P. Salivary micro RNA as a potential biomarker in oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Apr;30(2):55–60.
29. Subashri A, Maheshwari TNU. Knowledge and attitude of oral hygiene practice among dental students. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016;9(11):1840.
30. Ponnanna AA, Maiti S, Rai N, Jessy P. Three-dimensional-Printed Malo Bridge: Digital Fixed Prosthesis for the Partially Edentulous Maxilla. Contemp Clin Dent. 2021 Dec 21;12(4):451–3.
31. Merchant A, Ganapathy DM, Maiti S. Effectiveness of local and topical anesthesia during gingival retraction [Internet]. Vol. 25, Brazilian Dental Science. 2022. p. e2591. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/bds.2022.e2591
32. Aparna J, Maiti S, Jessy P. Polyether ether ketone - As an alternative biomaterial for Metal Richmond crown-3-dimensional finite element analysis. J Conserv Dent. 2021 Nov-Dec;24(6):553–7.
33. Agarwal S, Ashok V, Maiti S. Open- or Closed-Tray Impression Technique in Implant Prosthesis: A Dentist’s Perspective. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2020;30(3):193–8.
34. Maiti S, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, Nadu T, India. Correlation of soft tissue biotype with pink aesthetic score in single full veneer crown [Internet]. Vol. 16, Bioinformation. 2020. p. 1139–44. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161139
35. Maiti S, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, Nadu T, India. Data on dental bite materials with stability and displacement under load [Internet]. Vol. 16, Bioinformation. 2020. p. 1145–51. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161145
36. Nagaraj KR, Savadi RC, Savadi AR, Prashanth Reddy GT, Srilakshmi J, Dayalan M, et al. Gingival biotype - Prosthodontic perspective. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2010 Mar;10(1):27–30.
37. Zawawi KH, Al-Harthi SM, Al-Zahrani MS. Prevalence of gingival biotype and its relationship to dental malocclusion. Saudi Med J. 2012 Jun;33(6):671–5.
38. Joshi A, Suragimath G, Zope SA, Ashwinirani SR, Varma SA. Comparison of Gingival Biotype between different Genders based on Measurement of Dentopapillary Complex. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Sep;11(9):ZC40–5.
39. Shah R, Sowmya NK, Mehta DS. Prevalence of gingival biotype and its relationship to clinical parameters [Internet]. Vol. 6, Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2015. p. 167. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.166824
40. S S, Ma VS, Mi VS, F HG, M H. Gingival Retraction Methods for Fabrication of Fixed Partial Denture: Literature Review. J Dent Biomater. 2016 Jun;3(2):205–13.
41. Ahmed SN, Donovan TE. Gingival displacement: Survey results of dentists’ practice procedures. J Prosthet Dent. 2015 Jul;114(1):81–5.e1–2.
42. Acar Ö, Erkut S, Özçelik TB, Ozdemır E, Akçil M. A clinical comparison of cordless and conventional displacement systems regarding clinical performance and impression quality [Internet]. Vol. 111, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014. p. 388–94. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.08.009
43. Ajay R, Suma K, Ali S, Sivakumar JK, Rakshagan V, Devaki V, et al. Effect of surface modifications on the retention of cement-retained implant crowns under fatigue loads: An In vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 9, Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences. 2017. p. 154. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_146_17
44. Christensen GJ. Have fixed-prosthodontic impressions become easier? J Am Dent Assoc. 2003 Aug;134(8):1121–3.
45. Rau CT, Olafsson VG, Delgado AJ, Ritter AV, Donovan TE. The quality of fixed prosthodontic impressions: An assessment of crown and bridge impressions received at commercial laboratories. J Am Dent Assoc. 2017 Sep;148(9):654–60.
46. Winstanley RB, Carrotte PV, Johnson A. The quality of impressions for crowns and bridges received at commercial dental laboratories. Br Dent J. 1997 Sep 27;183(6):209–13.
47. Mitchell ST, Ramp MH, Ramp LC, Liu PR. A preliminary survey of impression trays used in the fabrication of fixed indirect restorations. J Prosthodont. 2009 Oct;18(7):582–8.
48. Samet N, Shohat M, Livny A, Weiss EI. A clinical evaluation of fixed partial denture impressions. J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Aug;94(2):112–7.
2. Silness J. Periodontal conditions in patients treated with dental bridges. 2. The influence of full and partial crowns on plaque accumulation, development of gingivitis and pocket formation. J Periodontal Res. 1970;5(3):219–24.
3. Ericson S, Hedega˚rd B, Odont D, Wennstro¨m A, Odont D. Roentgenographic study of vital abutment teeth [Internet]. Vol. 16, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1966. p. 981–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(66)90022-9
4. Wöstmann B, Blöβer T, Gouentenoudis M, Balkenhol M, Ferger P. Influence of margin design on the fit of high-precious alloy restorations in patients [Internet]. Vol. 33, Journal of Dentistry. 2005. p. 611–8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2005.01.002
5. Felton DA, Kanoy BE, Bayne SC, Wirthman GP. Effect of in vivo crown margin discrepancies on periodontal health. J Prosthet Dent. 1991 Mar;65(3):357–64.
6. Padbury A Jr, Eber R, Wang HL. Interactions between the gingiva and the margin of restorations. J Clin Periodontol. 2003 May;30(5):379–85.
7. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics. Mosby Elsevier Health Science; 1995. 672 p.
8. Johnson GH, Mancl LA, Schwedhelm ER, Verhoef DR, Lepe X. Clinical trial investigating success rates for polyether and vinyl polysiloxane impressions made with full-arch and dual-arch plastic trays. J Prosthet Dent. 2010 Jan;103(1):13–22.
9. Donovan TE, Gandara BK, Nemetz H. Review and survey of medicaments used with gingival retraction cords [Internet]. Vol. 53, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1985. p. 525–31. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(85)90640-7
10. Baharav H, Kupershmidt I, Laufer BZ, Cardash HS. The effect of sulcular width on the linear accuracy of impression materials in the presence of an undercut. Int J Prosthodont. 2004 Sep;17(5):585–9.
11. Idris B, Houston F, Claffey N. Comparison of the dimensional accuracy of one- and two-step techniques with the use of putty/wash addition silicone impression materials. J Prosthet Dent. 1995 Nov;74(5):535–41.
12. Nissan J, Gross M, Shifman A, Assif D. Effect of wash bulk on the accuracy of polyvinyl siloxane putty-wash impressions. J Oral Rehabil. 2002 Apr;29(4):357–61.
13. Hansen PA, Tira DE, Barlow J. Current methods of finish-line exposure by practicing prosthodontists. J Prosthodont. 1999 Sep;8(3):163–70.
14. Laufer BZ, Baharav H, Ganor Y, Cardash HS. The effect of marginal thickness on the distortion of different impression materials. J Prosthet Dent. 1996 Nov;76(5):466–71.
15. Benson BW, Bomberg TJ, Hatch RA, Hoffman W Jr. Tissue displacement methods in fixed prosthodontics. J Prosthet Dent. 1986 Feb;55(2):175–81.
16. Jokstad A. Clinical trial of gingival retraction cords [Internet]. Vol. 81, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 1999. p. 258–61. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3913(99)70266-0
17. Kumbuloglu O, User A, Toksavul S, Boyacioglu H. Clinical evaluation of different gingival retraction cords. Quintessence Int. 2007 Feb;38(2):e92–8.
18. Ochsenbein C. Current Status of Osseous Surgery [Internet]. Vol. 48, Journal of Periodontology. 1977. p. 577–86. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.1977.48.9.577
19. Bandi R, Shetty T, Rodrigues SJ, Mundathaje M, Srikant N, Saldanha S, et al. Comparison of quality of impression and clinical performance after gingival displacement with magic foam cord and gingival retraction cord-An in vivo study [Internet]. Vol. 9, Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2018. p. 374. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00749.0
20. Malli Sureshbabu N, Selvarasu K, V JK, Nandakumar M, Selvam D. Concentrated Growth Factors as an Ingenious Biomaterial in Regeneration of Bony Defects after Periapical Surgery: A Report of Two Cases. Case Rep Dent. 2019 Jan 22;2019:7046203.
21. Ahad M, Gheena S. Awareness, attitude and knowledge about evidence based dentistry among the dental practitioner in Chennai city. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016;9(11):1863.
22. PradeepKumar AR, Shemesh H, Jothilatha S, Vijayabharathi R, Jayalakshmi S, Kishen A. Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fractures in Restored Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Time-dependent Retrospective Cohort Study. J Endod. 2016 Aug;42(8):1175–80.
23. Jangid K, Alexander AJ, Jayakumar ND, Varghese S, Ramani P. Ankyloglossia with cleft lip: A rare case report. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2015 Nov;19(6):690–3.
24. Kumar A, Sherlin HJ, Ramani P, Natesan A, Premkumar P. Expression of CD 68, CD 45 and human leukocyte antigen-DR in central and peripheral giant cell granuloma, giant cell tumor of long bones, and tuberculous granuloma: An immunohistochemical study. Indian J Dent Res. 2015 May;26(3):295–303.
25. Manohar J, Abilasha R. A Study on the Knowledge of Causes and Prevalance of Pigmentation of Gingiva among Dental Students [Internet]. Vol. 10, Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 2019. p. 95. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01859.x
26. Sekar D, Mani P, Biruntha M, Sivagurunathan P, Karthigeyan M. Dissecting the functional role of microRNA 21 in osteosarcoma. Cancer Gene Ther. 2019 Jul;26(7-8):179–82.
27. Girija SA, Jayaseelan VP, Arumugam P. Prevalence of VIM- and GIM-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from patients with severe urinary tract infection. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2018 Dec 1;65(4):539–50.
28. Maheswari TNU, Venugopal A, Sureshbabu NM, Ramani P. Salivary micro RNA as a potential biomarker in oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review. Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Apr;30(2):55–60.
29. Subashri A, Maheshwari TNU. Knowledge and attitude of oral hygiene practice among dental students. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2016;9(11):1840.
30. Ponnanna AA, Maiti S, Rai N, Jessy P. Three-dimensional-Printed Malo Bridge: Digital Fixed Prosthesis for the Partially Edentulous Maxilla. Contemp Clin Dent. 2021 Dec 21;12(4):451–3.
31. Merchant A, Ganapathy DM, Maiti S. Effectiveness of local and topical anesthesia during gingival retraction [Internet]. Vol. 25, Brazilian Dental Science. 2022. p. e2591. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/bds.2022.e2591
32. Aparna J, Maiti S, Jessy P. Polyether ether ketone - As an alternative biomaterial for Metal Richmond crown-3-dimensional finite element analysis. J Conserv Dent. 2021 Nov-Dec;24(6):553–7.
33. Agarwal S, Ashok V, Maiti S. Open- or Closed-Tray Impression Technique in Implant Prosthesis: A Dentist’s Perspective. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 2020;30(3):193–8.
34. Maiti S, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, Nadu T, India. Correlation of soft tissue biotype with pink aesthetic score in single full veneer crown [Internet]. Vol. 16, Bioinformation. 2020. p. 1139–44. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161139
35. Maiti S, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University Chennai, Nadu T, India. Data on dental bite materials with stability and displacement under load [Internet]. Vol. 16, Bioinformation. 2020. p. 1145–51. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300161145
36. Nagaraj KR, Savadi RC, Savadi AR, Prashanth Reddy GT, Srilakshmi J, Dayalan M, et al. Gingival biotype - Prosthodontic perspective. J Indian Prosthodont Soc. 2010 Mar;10(1):27–30.
37. Zawawi KH, Al-Harthi SM, Al-Zahrani MS. Prevalence of gingival biotype and its relationship to dental malocclusion. Saudi Med J. 2012 Jun;33(6):671–5.
38. Joshi A, Suragimath G, Zope SA, Ashwinirani SR, Varma SA. Comparison of Gingival Biotype between different Genders based on Measurement of Dentopapillary Complex. J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Sep;11(9):ZC40–5.
39. Shah R, Sowmya NK, Mehta DS. Prevalence of gingival biotype and its relationship to clinical parameters [Internet]. Vol. 6, Contemporary Clinical Dentistry. 2015. p. 167. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.166824
40. S S, Ma VS, Mi VS, F HG, M H. Gingival Retraction Methods for Fabrication of Fixed Partial Denture: Literature Review. J Dent Biomater. 2016 Jun;3(2):205–13.
41. Ahmed SN, Donovan TE. Gingival displacement: Survey results of dentists’ practice procedures. J Prosthet Dent. 2015 Jul;114(1):81–5.e1–2.
42. Acar Ö, Erkut S, Özçelik TB, Ozdemır E, Akçil M. A clinical comparison of cordless and conventional displacement systems regarding clinical performance and impression quality [Internet]. Vol. 111, The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2014. p. 388–94. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.08.009
43. Ajay R, Suma K, Ali S, Sivakumar JK, Rakshagan V, Devaki V, et al. Effect of surface modifications on the retention of cement-retained implant crowns under fatigue loads: An In vitro study [Internet]. Vol. 9, Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences. 2017. p. 154. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_146_17
44. Christensen GJ. Have fixed-prosthodontic impressions become easier? J Am Dent Assoc. 2003 Aug;134(8):1121–3.
45. Rau CT, Olafsson VG, Delgado AJ, Ritter AV, Donovan TE. The quality of fixed prosthodontic impressions: An assessment of crown and bridge impressions received at commercial laboratories. J Am Dent Assoc. 2017 Sep;148(9):654–60.
46. Winstanley RB, Carrotte PV, Johnson A. The quality of impressions for crowns and bridges received at commercial dental laboratories. Br Dent J. 1997 Sep 27;183(6):209–13.
47. Mitchell ST, Ramp MH, Ramp LC, Liu PR. A preliminary survey of impression trays used in the fabrication of fixed indirect restorations. J Prosthodont. 2009 Oct;18(7):582–8.
48. Samet N, Shohat M, Livny A, Weiss EI. A clinical evaluation of fixed partial denture impressions. J Prosthet Dent. 2005 Aug;94(2):112–7.
Article Sidebar
Published
May 13, 2023
Article Details
How to Cite
Varun Wadhwani, Khushali K Shah, Vinay Sivaswamy, & Subhabrata Maiti. (2023). Association of Gingival Biotypes and Retraction Method Used on Quality of Two Stage Putty Impressions- A Retrospective Study. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(10), 320–328. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.10.036
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.