PHYTOCHEMICAL, PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROFILING OF FIXED OIL EXPRESSED FROM SEEDS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA

Abstract

Plants are one of best the source of fixed oils. Oils expressed from seeds are multipurpose. These oils exhibit plenty of therapeutic effects including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and analgesic. Butea monosperma one of the significant source of fixed oils. It is distributed throughout Pakistan, Iran, Bangladesh, India and Africa. Traditional use of oil expressed from seeds of this marvelous plant include treatment of  inflammation, rheumatism, bronchitis, diabetes, anemia, fever, gynecological disorders, and pneumonia. The plant possess antioxidant, hepatoprotective, gastro protective, wound healing, antiarthritic, larvicidal, antimalarial, antiemetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antidiarrhoeal, antiheamolytic, diuretic, and anthelmintic activities. Scientific validation of these traditional uses is of utmost importance to gain maximum benefits and avoid any hazardous effects. Findings of this research project elaborated that this plant seed oil contains almost 32 compounds belonging to various classes. These include Isoamylene, 2-Pentene, Isoamyl methyl ketone, n-amyl methyl ketone, Methyl 2-methyl butyl ketone, 1-methyl-1-ethylcyclopentene, 5-0ctandione,Isopropyl pentyl ketone, 2-amylfuran, Hexanoic acid, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-cyclopentane, (E)-2-Octenal, Hexanoic acid ester, Sesquiterpenoid, Octyl alcohol ester ethyl hexyl ester, Octyl ester, Tridecane, 2,4,Decadienal,C10H18O,3-Decanone,4-undecanone,4-methyl-3-hetanone,2-DodecanalOctadec-9-enoic acid, Hop-22(29)-en-3β-ol, Stigmasta 3,5-diene-7-one and  C44 H88 O2 . Seven types of fatty acids including Palmitic acid (69.2%), Palmitoleic acid (2.2 %), Stearic Acid (45.8 %) Oleic Acid (83%), Linoleic acid (38.6%), Eicosanoid acid (4.5%) were identified as per by GCFID. Saturated fatty acids content was 45.206% and unsaturated content was 16.623 % Iodine value was found to be 64.669 and SAP value was 216. The antioxidant effect was found to be 72.187%. These finding justified the traditional uses of this medicinal oil in various conditions.