INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
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Keywords
Epidemiology of myocardial infarction, mortality from myocardial infarction, Ischemic heart disease, Morbidity
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death globally, significantly impacting both industrialized and developing nations. Despite its prevalence, there is a notable gender disparity in awareness, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes.
Objective: To investigate the morbidity and mortality rates associated with IHD in female patients, and to identify specific risk factors, clinical presentations, and treatment disparities compared to male patients.
Background: This study aims to evaluate the morbidity and mortality rates associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD) in both males and females, using data from the Department of Cardiology at the Provincial Teaching Hospital "Dr Agostinho Neto" over the period from 2003 to 2023.
Methods: A comparative and descriptive analysis was conducted using a computerized database from the hospital's cardiology department. Data from 907 patients (471 females and 436 males) were analyzed. Variables included risk factors associated with IHD, lethality of the condition, and outcomes of thrombolytic treatment.
Results: Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: The highest incidence of cardiovascular disease due to ischemic heart disease was observed in women over the age of sixty.
Angina Pectoris: Women had a higher incidence of angina pectoris compared to men.
Myocardial Infarction: The majority of infarctions occurred in males.
Mortality Rates: The risk of dying from a heart attack was comparable between men and women.
Age and Comorbidities: Women were generally older at the time of admission and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus.
Thrombolytic Treatment Outcomes: Patients who were not thrombolyzed showed a significantly lower benefit, particularly among men.
Conclusion: The study highlights significant gender differences in the incidence and outcomes of ischemic heart disease. Women, especially those over sixty, showed a higher incidence of angina pectoris and were generally older with more comorbidities at the time of admission, which may contribute to the equalization of mortality rates between genders. Effective thrombolytic treatment is critical, as non-thrombolyzed patients, particularly men, show significantly lower benefits.
KEYWORD: Epidemiology of myocardial infarction, mortality from myocardial infarction, Ischemic heart disease, Morbidity, Mortality rates, Gender differences, Cardiovascular disease, Thrombolytic treatment, Risk factors, Angina pectoris, Myocardial infarction, Comparative study.
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Muhammad Sher Ali
MBBS, BSC, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi
Maudlyn O. Etekochay
MPH, MBA, Clinical QI Consultant, Department of Quality Improvement, Inova Hospital, USA
Mohammad Ayyid Ahmed
MD, BSc, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi
Sana kainat
MBBS Scholar ANMCH ISRA University Al Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Essa
Post Graduate Resident Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Pakistan
Rabia Taj
Department of Zoology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan