IMPACT OF MALOCCLUSION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG UNIVERSITY-GOING STUDENTS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Malocclusion, Psychological Well-Being, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, University Students, Dental Aesthetics, PIDAQ, OHIP-14, Dental Aesthetic Index
Abstract
Background: Malocclusion may affect not only dental function but also psychological well-being and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), particularly among young adults. This study assessed the relationship between malocclusion severity, psychosocial impact, and OHRQoL among university-going students.
Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 422 students aged 18–30 years at Bacha Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan. Malocclusion was assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI), while psychosocial impact and OHRQoL were evaluated using the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), respectively. Associations were assessed using correlation and multivariable regression analyses.
Results: Of the 422 participants, 56.4% were female and the mean age was 21.84 ± 2.31 years. Normal/minor, definite, severe, and very severe malocclusion were observed in 40.8%, 25.6%, 19.4%, and 14.2% of participants, respectively. PIDAQ and OHIP-14 scores increased progressively with malocclusion severity (both p < 0.001). DAI scores showed significant positive correlations with PIDAQ (r = 0.48, p < 0.001) and OHIP-14 (r = 0.39, p < 0.001). Greater malocclusion severity and dissatisfaction with dental appearance were independently associated with greater psychosocial impact and poorer OHRQoL.
Conclusion: Greater malocclusion severity was significantly associated with increased psychosocial impact and poorer OHRQoL among university-going students. Incorporating patient-reported psychological and quality-of-life outcomes alongside clinical assessment may provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of malocclusion.
References
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