ASSESSMENT OF ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH REMOVABLE DENTURES: A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL STUDY
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Keywords
Oral health-related quality of life, removable dentures, OHIP-14, complete dentures, patient satisfaction
Abstract
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is an essential patient-centered outcome measure that extends beyond clinical assessments to capture the impact of dental conditions and treatments on daily functioning, psychological well-being, and social interactions. This study aimed to assess OHRQoL in patients using removable dentures and identify factors influencing their quality of life in a hospital setting.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Prosthodontics, Peoples College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, from July 2022 to December 2022. Using consecutive sampling, 145 patients wearing removable dentures for at least three months were recruited. Data were collected through structured interviews using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire and a demographic-clinical proforma. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: The mean OHIP-14 total score was 17.73 ± 9.84, indicating moderate OHRQoL impairment. Physical pain (3.12 ± 1.78) and psychological discomfort (2.96 ± 1.84) were the most affected domains. Complete denture wearers reported significantly higher OHIP-14 scores compared to partial denture users (19.68 vs. 12.86, p=0.001). Participants aged ≥60 years, those with lower education levels, first-time denture wearers, and individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds experienced significantly poorer OHRQoL. Duration of denture use showed negative correlation with OHIP-14 scores (r=-0.387, p<0.001), indicating improved adaptation over time.
Conclusion: Removable denture wearers experienced moderate OHRQoL impairment, with complete denture users and vulnerable populations facing greater challenges. These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive patient education, realistic expectation setting, and targeted support for high-risk groups to enhance denture adaptation and overall quality of life.
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Dr. Dinesh Solanki
Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, Peoples College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India