ORAL PATHOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RECURRENT APHTHOUS ULCERS AND TOBACCO CONSUMPTION PATTERNS

Abstract

Background: Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) are painful lesions that affect the oral mucosa and significantly reduce the quality of life. Tobacco consumption, including smoking and chewing, has been linked to various oral health conditions. However, its role in RAU recurrence and severity remains underexplored.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between tobacco consumption patterns (smoking, chewing, or both) and the prevalence and severity of RAU among a sample of 120 participants.
Study Design and Setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted at de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore targeting individuals with a history of tobacco use and presenting with RAU.
Methodology: A total of 120 participants were included, categorized by tobacco consumption type and frequency. Data on RAU presence and severity were collected through clinical examination, while logistic regression was used to determine associations between tobacco use and RAU recurrence.
Results: Tobacco users exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of RAU (80%) compared to non-tobacco users (20%). Severe RAU was most common among those using both smoking and chewing tobacco. Logistic regression showed a dose-response relationship between tobacco use duration and RAU recurrence, with higher odds of frequent recurrence among those using tobacco for 1–5 years (OR = 5.2) and >5 years (OR = 8.5).
Conclusion: Tobacco consumption, particularly prolonged use, is strongly associated with the prevalence and severity of RAU. Clinical interventions aimed at reducing tobacco use may help prevent or reduce the recurrence of RAU.