EXPLORING DRUG-RESISTANT LONG NON-CODING RNA BIOMARKERS AND THEIR CLINICAL RELEVANCE IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER
Main Article Content
Keywords
Neuro-oncology, Head and Neck Cancer, long non-coding RNA (Lnc-RNA).
Abstract
Introduction: Head and Neck Cancers comprise the sixth of the ten most frequent causes of deaths, and among the worst prognoses across the globe. Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy practices are considered efficient therapeutic regimes for the treatment of head and neck cancers. Objective: This research has also assessed the relative level of biomarkers (MALAT1, MDR1 and Caspase 8), and also forecasted their role as either drug resistance factors or indicators of cancer prognosis. Materials and Methodology: In this inter-collaborative study, EDTA blood of 5ml each from all the study subjects (160 patients and 40 healthy controls in addition) was taken to isolate RNA. The collected data was written down to estimate, by means of RT-qPCR, the expression level of biomarkers. Results: In the pathologic condition studied, there was increased expression of MDR1 in patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma but no specific change in squamous cell carcinoma patient. And this meant that the drug administered to the patients was potent. MALAT1 in down regulated with Caspase 8 and its level starts reducing in the patients who received more than 3 cycles of chemotherapy. Conclusion: Actually, therefore as per this study, it is assumed that if these biomarkers are investigated in relation to drug resistance, we might find a better handle on the cancer biology of H&N cancers. Therefore, leading to the development of the therapeutic approach.
References
1. Chhikara BS, Parang K. Global Cancer Statistics 2022: the trends projection analysis. Chemical Biology Letters. 2023 Jan 2;10(1):451-.
2. Corrado L, Fazio A, Pelloni A. Pro-environmental attitudes, local environmental conditions and recycling behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2022 Aug 15;362:132399.
3. Wong KC, Hui EP, Lo KW, Lam WK, Johnson D, Li L, Tao Q, Chan KC, To KF, King AD, Ma BB. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an evolving paradigm. Nature reviews Clinical oncology. 2021 Nov;18(11):679-95.
4. Nakamura T, Zou K, Shibuya Y, Michikawa M. Oral dysfunctions and cognitive impairment/dementia. Journal of neuroscience research. 2021 Feb;99(2):518-28.
5. Liu X, Huang G, Zhang J, Zhang L, Liang Z. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of long noncoding RNA MALAT-1 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 14;15(10):e0240321.
6. Markou AN, Smilkou S, Tsaroucha E, Lianidou E. The effect of genomic DNA contamination on the detection of circulating long non-coding RNAs: The Paradigm of MALAT1. Diagnostics. 2021 Jun 25;11(7):1160.
7. Bukowski K, Kciuk M, Kontek R. Mechanisms of multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. International journal of molecular sciences. 2020 May 2;21(9):3233.
8. Shchulkin AV, Abalenikhina YV, Erokhina PD, Chernykh IV, Yakusheva EN. The role of P-glycoprotein in decreasing cell membranes permeability during oxidative stress. Biochemistry (Moscow). 2021 Feb;86:197-206.
9. Özvegy-Laczka C, Ungvári O, Bakos É. Fluorescence-based methods for studying activity and drug-drug interactions of hepatic solute carrier and ATP binding cassette proteins involved in ADME-Tox. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2023 Mar 1;209:115448.
10. Qin H, Yang Y, Jiang B, Pan C, Chen W, Diao W, Ding M, Cao W, Zhang Z, Chen M, Gao J. SOX9 in prostate cancer is upregulated by cancer‐associated fibroblasts to promote tumor progression through HGF/c‐Met‐FRA1 signaling. The FEBS journal. 2021 Sep;288(18):5406-29.
11. Gautam SK, Kumar S, Dam V, Ghersi D, Jain M, Batra SK. MUCIN-4 (MUC4) is a novel tumor antigen in pancreatic cancer immunotherapy. InSeminars in immunology 2020 Feb 1 (Vol. 47, p. 101391). Academic Press.
12. Bugter JM, Fenderico N, Maurice MM. Mutations and mechanisms of WNT pathway tumour suppressors in cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2021 Jan;21(1):5-21.
13. Zhang Y, Xu H, Cui G, Liang B, Chen X, Ko S, Affo S, Song X, Liao Y, Feng J, Wang P. β-Catenin sustains and is required for YES-associated protein oncogenic activity in cholangiocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2022;163(2):481-94.
14. Zhao H, Ming T, Tang S, Ren S, Yang H, Liu M, Tao Q, Xu H. Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer: pathogenic role and therapeutic target. Molecular cancer. 2022;21(1):144.
15. Kostova I, Mandal R, Becker S, Strebhardt K. The role of caspase-8 in the tumor microenvironment of ovarian cancer. Cancer and metastasis reviews. 2021;40(1):303-18.
16. Ebrahimi SB, Samanta D. Engineering protein-based therapeutics through structural and chemical design. Nature Communications. 2023;14(1):2411.
17. Seyrek K, Ivanisenko NV, Wohlfromm F, Espe J, Lavrik IN. Impact of human CD95 mutations on cell death and autoimmunity: a model. Trends in Immunology. 2022;43(1):22-40.
18. Bhattacharya S, Gupta S, Asati V. Introduction to caspases, its function, mechanism, and classification. InCaspases as Molecular Targets for Cancer Therapy. Academic Press. 2024 (pp. 1-13).
19. Emran TB, Shahriar A, Mahmud AR, Rahman T, Abir MH, Siddiquee MF, Ahmed H, Rahman N, Nainu F, Wahyudin E, Mitra S. Multidrug resistance in cancer: understanding molecular mechanisms, immunoprevention and therapeutic approaches. Frontiers in Oncology. 2022 Jun 23;12:891652.
20. Byun JY, Huang K, Lee JS, Huang W, Hu L, Zheng X, Tang X, Li F, Jo DG, Song X, Huang C. Targeting HIF-1α/NOTCH1 pathway eliminates CD44+ cancer stem-like cell phenotypes, malignancy, and resistance to therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene. 2022 Feb 25;41(9):1352-63.
21. Tseng CP, Cheng AJ, Chang JT, Tseng CH, Wang HM, Liao CT, Chen IH, Tseng KC. Quantitative Analysis of Multidrug‐resistance mdr1 Gene Expression in Head and Neck Cancer by Real‐time RT‐PCR. Japanese Journal of Cancer Research. 2002 Nov;93(11):1230-6.
22. Ye D, Deng Y, Shen Z. The role and mechanism of MALAT1 long non-coding RNA in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. OncoTargets and therapy. 2021 Jul 8:4127-36.
23. Wang R, Lu X, Yu R. lncRNA MALAT1 promotes EMT process and cisplatin resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma via PI3K/AKT/m-TOR signal pathway. OncoTargets and therapy. 2020 May 12:4049-61.
24. Malakoti F, Targhazeh N, Karimzadeh H, Mohammadi E, Asadi M, Asemi Z, Alemi F. Multiple function of lncRNA MALAT1 in cancer occurrence and progression. Chemical biology & drug design. 2023 May;101(5):1113-37.
25. Syllaios A, Moris D, Karachaliou GS, Sakellariou S, Karavokyros I, Gazouli M, Schizas D. Pathways and role of MALAT1 in esophageal and gastric cancer. Oncology letters. 2021 May 1;21(5):1-7.
26. Lei F, Lei T, Huang Y, Yang M, Liao M, Huang W. Radio-susceptibility of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: focus on Epstein-Barr virus, microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs. Current Molecular Pharmacology. 2020 Aug 1;13(3):192-205.
27. Raudenská M, Balvan J, Masařík M. Cell death in head and neck cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Cell Death & Disease. 2021 Feb 18;12(2):192.
28. Jiang M, Qi L, Li L, Li Y. The caspase-3/GSDME signal pathway as a switch between apoptosis and pyroptosis in cancer. Cell death discovery. 2020 Oct 28;6(1):112.
29. Byun JY, Huang K, Lee JS, Huang W, Hu L, Zheng X, Tang X, Li F, Jo DG, Song X, Huang C. Targeting HIF-1α/NOTCH1 pathway eliminates CD44+ cancer stem-like cell phenotypes, malignancy, and resistance to therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene. 2022 Feb 25;41(9):1352-63.
30. Utispan K, Koontongkaew S. Mucin 1 regulates the hypoxia response in head and neck cancer cells. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences. 2021 Dec 1;147(4):331-9.
31. Schwerdtfeger M, Desiderio V, Kobold S, Regad T, Zappavigna S, Caraglia M. Long non-coding RNAs in cancer stem cells. Translational oncology. 2021 Aug 1;14(8):101134.
32. Huang Y, Yi Q, Feng J, Xie W, Sun W, Sun W. The role of lincRNA-p21 in regulating the biology of cancer cells. Human Cell. 2022 Nov;35(6):1640-9.
33. Yang F, Yang Y, Qiu Y, Tang L, Xie L, Guan X. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Regulators for Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Biological Properties and Therapeutic Potential. Cancers. 2024 Jan 10;16(2):290.
34. Meng X, Wang ZF, Lou QY, Rankine AN, Zheng WX, Zhang ZH, Zhang L, Gu H. Long non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Diagnostic biomarkers, targeted therapies, and prognostic roles. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2021 Jul 5;902:174114.
35. Nandwani A, Rathore S, Datta M. LncRNAs in cancer: regulatory and therapeutic implications. Cancer letters. 2021 Mar 31;501:162-71.
36. Liu X, Zhao W, Wang X. Inhibition of long non-coding RNA MALAT1 elevates microRNA-429 to suppress the progression of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma by reducing ZEB1. Life sciences. 2020 Dec 1;262:118480.
37. Dilmaghani NA, Khoshsirat S, Shanaki-Bavarsad M, Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi A, Bashash D. The contributory role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in head and neck cancers: Possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets?. European Journal of Pharmacology. 2021 Jun 5;900:174053.
38. Jiang M, Liu F, Yang AG, Wang W, Zhang R. The role of long non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Molecular Therapy-Oncolytics. 2022 Mar 17;24:127-38.
39. Yang C, Zheng X. Identification of a Hypoxia‐Related lncRNA Biomarker Signature for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Journal of Oncology. 2022;2022(1):6775496.
40. Boice A, Bouchier-Hayes L. Targeting apoptotic caspases in cancer. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular Cell Research. 2020 Jun 1;1867(6):118688.
41. Cuciniello R, Filosa S, Crispi S. Novel approaches in cancer treatment: preclinical and clinical development of small non-coding RNA therapeutics. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research. 2021 Dec 4;40(1):383.
42. Diez-Fraile A, Ceulaer JD, Derpoorter C, Spaas C, Backer TD, Lamoral P, Abeloos J, Lammens T. Circulating non-coding RNAs in head and neck cancer: roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring. Cells. 2020 Dec 31;10(1):48.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Isra Nadeem
Department of Zoology, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
Sobia Akhter
Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Foundation Hospital Karachi, Pakistan
Mehak Ali
Department of Biomedical Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)
Amna Naheed khan
Department of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, CUST, Islamabad.
Muhammad Sheryar
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Malyla Amir
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Women Medical and Dental College Abbottabad, Pakistan
Nimra Asghar
Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan
Hidayat Ullah
Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Pakistan
Barkat Ullah
Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Pakistan