STUDYING THE IMPACT OF PLACENTA PREVIA (PP) ON MOTHERS AND NEWBORNS

Abstract

Background: Placenta previa is a condition that has been associated with pregnancy where the placenta may cover the cervix and has been identified as the improper placement of placenta in the lower region of the uterus and may cover the cervix of expecting mothers. Globally, it affects approximately 3-5 of every 1000 pregnancies. In Asia, approximately 30% of maternal deaths are caused by severe obstetric bleeding associated with placenta previa, which is becoming more common as the number of cesarean births increases. Several risk factors for placenta previa have been clearly recognized through research.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the impact of placenta previa (PP) on infant and maternal health, as well as to identify and analyze the risk factors involved.

Study design: cross-sectional study

Place and Duration: This study was conducted in Pir Abdul Qadir Shah Jillani Institute of Medical Science Gambat Khairpur Mirs from January 2023 to January 2024

Methodology: The study included pregnant women who had been hospitalized to the obstetrics department for labor and had a confirmed diagnosis of placenta previa, including partial or total placenta previa as assessed by clinical assessment and ultrasound results. During face-to-face interviews, pregnant individuals were asked to complete structured questionnaires. These surveys asked about demographic information, medical history, prenatal therapy, and self-reported experiences with placenta previa. Furthermore, standardized data collecting forms were utilized to conduct comprehensive evaluations of participants' medical records, assuring the collection of clinical data such as placenta previa diagnosis, type, location, maternal and neonatal outcomes, and pertinent risk factors.

Results: There were a total of 80 participants of this research. The average age was 32.1 years. The mean gestational age was 34.8 weeks. Majority of the participants had an emergency C-section. Overall 58 patients had previous history of placenta previa. Our study identified that type IV placenta previa was most dominant in our test group, while 32.0% of the women were classified as type II and 26.7% as type III. In this study, neonatal outcomes revealed that 53.7% of infants were delivered prematurely, 53.7% had low birth weights, and 4% required NICU care

Conclusion: This study demonstrated the importance of placenta previa on both maternal and newborn health, with Type IV being the most common kind identified.