PHYSIOLOGIC AND BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ORAL SUPPLEMENTAL FEEDING IN MALNOURISHED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and malnutrition frequently co-occur, worsening lung function, exercise capacity, and quality of life. Oral supplemental feeding is a promising intervention targeting this comorbidity, but its physiologic and biochemical effects remain unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of oral supplemental feeding on lung function, exercise capacity, nutritional status, and inflammation in malnourished COPD patients.

Methodology: We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 81 malnourished COPD patients. Participants were assigned to either the oral feeding group (n=41) receiving high-calorie, protein-rich supplements alongside their regular diet or the control group (n=40) continuing their usual dietary routine. Both groups received standard COPD management. Primary outcomes included lung function (FEV1 and PEFR), exercise capacity (6-minute walk distance), and nutritional status (albumin levels). Secondary outcomes were inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6).

Results: The oral feeding group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in all outcomes compared to the control group. FEV1 increased by 0.39 L, PEFR by 65 L/min, 6-minute walk distance by 58 meters, and albumin levels by 0.45 g/dL. The CRP decreased by 3.2 mg/L and IL-6 by 8.4 pg/mL in the oral feeding group.

Conclusion: Oral supplemental feeding effectively improves lung function, exercise capacity, nutritional status, and reduces inflammation in malnourished COPD patients. This intervention holds promise for improving physiologic and biochemical parameters in this vulnerable population, warranting further exploration of long-term benefits and personalized feeding strategies.