A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ORAL VS. INTRAVENOUS REHYDRATION THERAPY IN PEDIATRIC ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS
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Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) versus intravenous rehydration therapy (IVT) in treating pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 180 pediatric patients diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: ORT (n=90) or IVT (n=90). Baseline demographic and clinical data were collected for all participants. The primary outcome measure was the rate of rehydration, assessed by clinical improvement in hydration status. Secondary outcomes included the duration of hospitalization, incidence of complications, and patient/caregiver satisfaction.
Results: IVRT achieved faster time to rehydration (4.0 ± 1.0 hours) compared to ORT (6.0 ± 1.5 hours, p < 0.001*) and led to a significantly shorter hospital stay (1.2 ± 0.4 days) than ORT (1.5 ± 0.5 days, p = 0.02*). Resolution of vomiting occurred more quickly with IVRT (16.11 ± 3.24 hours) versus ORT (18.98 ± 4.00 hours, p = 0.04*).
Conclusion: Both oral and intravenous rehydration therapies are effective and safe for treating pediatric acute gastroenteritis. ORT has the added advantage of shorter hospitalization duration, making it a preferable option in appropriate clinical settings.
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Dr Anum Ashraf
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore.
Dr Javeria Sarfraz
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore
Dr Fawad Hussain
Assistant Professor Community Medicine. Niazi Medical & Dental College, Sargodha, Pakistan
Dr Gul Mehnaz
Associate Professor Pharmacology, Women Medical and Dental College, Abbottabad
Dr Muhammad Arshad
Associate Professor, Department of Paediatrics, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha
Dr Muhammad Imran Ashraf
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore
Dr. Amal Shaukat
Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Pakistan
Zahra Jabeen
Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan