OVERVIEW OF HYPERALDOSTERONISM

Abstract

The zona glomerulosa, an outer layer of the Adrenal cortex, is designated as such due to its function of secreting the mineralocorticoid hormone. When there is an elevation in aldosterone secretion from the zona glomerulosa, it is identified as hyperaldosteronism, a condition with significant physiological implications. The primary responsibility of aldosterone lies in regulating the volume of circulation and metabolic processes within the body, showcasing its critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Deviations in the aldosterone levels can lead to alterations in extracellular volume, potentially disrupting the delicate balance of bodily fluids. Moreover, aldosterone influences cardiovascular tissues such as the endothelium and myocardium, highlighting its multifaceted impact on physiological functions beyond fluid balance. The effective management of Primary Aldosteronism (PA) hinges on identifying and addressing the underlying causes of the disorder, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to treatment. The overarching goal of treating PA comprehensively involves mitigating the adverse effects stemming from excessive aldosterone levels, which can manifest as severe conditions like myocardial infarction, heart failure, and stroke, underscoring the urgency of intervention. Furthermore, interventions aim to restore potassium levels, regulate blood pressure, and restore the body's equilibrium. The intricate interplay between aldosterone, fluid balance, and cardiovascular health underscores the complexity of PA management, necessitating a tailored and holistic treatment strategy to optimize patient outcomes.