EXAMINING SLEEP PATTERNS AND OBESITY IN MEDICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW"
Main Article Content
Keywords
leptin, ghrelin, sleep, sleep quality, obesity
Abstract
Purpose of review: This review summarizes the most recent research, focused on studies involving college student that connects inadequate sleep length and quality to obesity.
Recent findings: Epidemiological research and published and unpublished health assessment surveys indicate that since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled globally. One in ten adults in 2008 were fat, with women being more likely than males to be obese. A trend toward shorter sleep duration has mirrored the obesity epidemic. Another common problem is the lack of sleep, which is caused by poor sleep quality. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are becoming risk factors for the onset of obesity, according to growing evidence from both laboratory and epidemiological studies.
Summary: A lack of sleep has been linked to metabolic and endocrine changes, including decreased glucose tolerance, decreased insulin sensitivity, increased evening cortisol concentrations, increased levels of ghrelin, decreased levels of leptin, and increased hunger and appetite. Sleep is a key regulator of neuroendocrine function and glucose metabolism. Recent epidemiological and laboratory data support earlier findings that a lack of sleep increases the risk of obesity.
References
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28. Vorona, R. D., Winn, M. P., Babineau et al. Overweight and obese patients in a primary care population report less sleep than patients with a normal body mass index. Arch. Intern. Med., 2005;165: 25-30.
29. Kobayashi D, Takahashi O, Deshpande GA et al. Relation between metabolic syndrome and sleep duration in Japan: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Intern Med.2011;50(2): 103- 107.
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31. Flegal KM, Kruszon-Moran D, Carroll MD, et al. Trends in obesity among adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. JAMA 2016; 315:2284-91.
32. Liu Y, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Cunningham TJ, Lu H, Croft JB. Prevalence of healthy sleep duration among adults—United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2016 Feb 19;65(6):137-41.
33. Watson NF, Badr MS, Consensus Conference Panel. Joint consensus statement of the american academy of sleep medicine and sleep research society on the recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: methodology and discussion. Sleep 2015; 38:1161-83.
34. Luckhaupt SE, Tak S, Calvert GM. The prevalence of short sleep duration by industry and occupation in the National Health Interview Survey. Sleep. 2010 Feb 1;33(2):149-59.
35. Vargas PA, Flores M, Robles E. Sleep quality and body mass index in college students: the role of sleep disturbances. Journal of American college health. 2014 Nov 17;62(8):534-41.
36. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R, Scherberg N, Van Cauter E. Twenty-four-hour profiles of acylated and total ghrelin: relationship with glucose levels and impact of time of day and sleep. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2011 Feb 1;96(2):486-93.
37. Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011; 377:557-567.
38. Knutson KL. Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & metabolism. 2010 Oct 1;24(5):731-43.
39. Xiaoli C, Beydoun MA, Wang Y. Is Sleep Duration Association with Childhood Obesity. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obesity. 2008; 2008:265-74.
40. Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism. Pediatric Neuroendocrinology. 2010; 17:11-21.
41. Kopelman, P., Health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 2007; 8: 13-17.
42. Wang, Y., Beydoun, M. A., Liang, L., Caballero, B. and Kumanyika, S. K., Will All Americans Become Overweight or Obese? Estimating the Progression and Cost of the US Obesity Epidemic. Obesity, 2008 16: 2323-2330.
43. Seidell JC. Societal and personal costs of obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1998;106(Suppl 2):7-9
2. Guo X, Zheng L, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang X, Li J, Sun Y. Epidemiological evidence for the link between sleep duration and high blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep medicine. 2013 Apr 1;14(4):324-32.
3. Altman NG, Izci- Balserak B, Schopfer E, Jackson N, Rattan aumpawan P, Gehrman PR, Patel NP, Grandner MA. Sleep duration versus sleep insufficiency as predictors of cardiometabolic health outcomes. Sleep medicine. 2012 Dec 1;13(10):1261-70.
4. Bixler E. Sleep and society: an epidemiological perspective. Sleep medicine. 2009 Sep 1; 10:3-6.
5. National Sleep Foundation. American poll. Washinghton, DC. 2005 http://sleepfoundation.org/sleep-polls-data/sleep-in-americapoll/2005-adult-sleep-habits-and- styles accessed on 24 June 2014.
6. Taylor DJ, Bramoweth AD. Patterns and consequences of inadequate sleep in college students: substance use and motor vehicle accidents. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2010 Jun 1;46(6):610-2.
7. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity among adults: United States. NCHS data brief. 2012;2013(131):1-8.
8. Finucade MM, Stevens GA,Cowan MJ , Danaei G , Lin JK , Paciorek CJ , et al .; Global Burden of Metabolic Risk Factors of Chronic Disease Collaborating Group (Body Mass Index) National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. 2011; 377: 557-67.
9. Bayon V, Leger D, Gomez-Merino D, Vecchierini MF, Chennaoui M. Sleep debt and obesity. Annals of medicine. 2014 Aug 1;46(5):264-72.
10. Ramachandran A, Chamukuttan S, Shetty SA, Arun N, Susairaj P. Obesity in Asia–Is it different from rest of the world. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. 2012 Dec; 28:47- 51.
11. Ogden CL, Caroll MD, Curtin LR et al. Prevalence of high body mass index in U.S. children and adolescents, JAMA.2010;303(3):242-249.
12. Ogden CL, Caroll MD, Kit BK et al. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among U.S. children and adolescents, JAMA.2012;307(5):83-88.
13. Kimm SYS, Glynn NW, Obarzanek E et al. Relation between the changes in physical activity and body-mass index during adolescence: a multi-center longitudinal study.2005;366(948):301-307.
14. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk: Evidence in support of current national institutes of health guidelines. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(274):2079- 2085.
15. Goodman E, Whitaker RC. A prospective study of the role of depression in the development and persistence of adolescent obesity. Pediatrics 2002;110(3):497-504.
16. Wu Y, Zhai L, Zhang D. Sleep duration and obesity among adults: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sleep Med 2014;15: 1456-1462.
17. Chaput J, Perusse L, Despres JP,Tremblay A , Bouchard C . Findings from the Quebec Family Study on the etiology of obesity: genetics and environmental highlights, Curr Obes Rep. 2014; 3:54-66.
18. Sekine M, Yamagami T, Handa K, Saito T, Nanri S, Kawaminami K, Tokui N, Yoshida K, Kagamimori S. A dose–response relationship between short sleeping hours and childhood obesity: results of the Toyama Birth Cohort Study. Child: care, health and development. 2002 Mar;28(2):163-70.
19. Gupta NK, Mueller WH, Chan W, Meininger JC. Is obesity associated with poor sleep quality in adolescents? Am J Hum Biol. 2002;14(6):762-8.
20. Beebe DW, Simon S, Summer S, Hemmer S, Strotman D, Dolan LM. Dietary intake following experimentally restricted sleepin adolescents. Sleep. 2013 Jun 1;36(6):827-34.
21. Magee CA, Huang XF, Iverson DC, Caputi P. Examining the pathways linking chronic sleep restriction to obesity. Journal of obesity. 2010 Feb 16;2010.
22. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Penev P, Cauter EV. Brief communication: sleep curtailment in healthy young men is associated with decreased leptin levels, elevated ghrelin levels, and increased hunger and appetite. Annals of internal medicine. 2004 Dec 7;141(11):846-50.
23. Spiegel K, Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Impact of sleep debt on metabolic and endocrine function. 1999;354(9188):1435-9.
24. Stamatakis KA, Brownson RC. Sleep duration and obesity-related risk factors in the rural Midwest. Prev. Med. 2008;46(5):439-44.
25. Leger D, du Roscoat E, Bayon V, Guignard R, Pâquereau J, Beck F. Short sleep in young adults: Insomnia or sleep debt? Prevalence and clinical description of short sleep in a representative sample of 1004 young adults from France. Sleep medicine. 2011 May 1;12(5):454-62.
26. Knutson KL, Van Cauter E, Rathouz PJ, DeLeire T, Lauderdale DS. Trends in the prevalence of short sleepers in the USA: 1975-2006. Sleep. 2010 Jan 1;33(1):37-45.
27. Buxton OM, Cain SW, O’ Connor SP et al. Adverse metabolic consequences in humans of prolonged sleep restriction combined with circadian disruption. Sci Transl. Med. 2012;4(129):129-143.
28. Vorona, R. D., Winn, M. P., Babineau et al. Overweight and obese patients in a primary care population report less sleep than patients with a normal body mass index. Arch. Intern. Med., 2005;165: 25-30.
29. Kobayashi D, Takahashi O, Deshpande GA et al. Relation between metabolic syndrome and sleep duration in Japan: a large-scale cross-sectional study. Intern Med.2011;50(2): 103- 107.
30. Klok, M. D., Jakobsdottir, S. and Drent, M. L., The role of leptin and ghrelin in the regulation of food intake and body weight in humans: a review. Obesity Reviews, 2007; 8: 21- 34.
31. Flegal KM, Kruszon-Moran D, Carroll MD, et al. Trends in obesity among adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. JAMA 2016; 315:2284-91.
32. Liu Y, Wheaton AG, Chapman DP, Cunningham TJ, Lu H, Croft JB. Prevalence of healthy sleep duration among adults—United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2016 Feb 19;65(6):137-41.
33. Watson NF, Badr MS, Consensus Conference Panel. Joint consensus statement of the american academy of sleep medicine and sleep research society on the recommended amount of sleep for a healthy adult: methodology and discussion. Sleep 2015; 38:1161-83.
34. Luckhaupt SE, Tak S, Calvert GM. The prevalence of short sleep duration by industry and occupation in the National Health Interview Survey. Sleep. 2010 Feb 1;33(2):149-59.
35. Vargas PA, Flores M, Robles E. Sleep quality and body mass index in college students: the role of sleep disturbances. Journal of American college health. 2014 Nov 17;62(8):534-41.
36. Spiegel K, Tasali E, Leproult R, Scherberg N, Van Cauter E. Twenty-four-hour profiles of acylated and total ghrelin: relationship with glucose levels and impact of time of day and sleep. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2011 Feb 1;96(2):486-93.
37. Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9.1 million participants. Lancet. 2011; 377:557-567.
38. Knutson KL. Sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & metabolism. 2010 Oct 1;24(5):731-43.
39. Xiaoli C, Beydoun MA, Wang Y. Is Sleep Duration Association with Childhood Obesity. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obesity. 2008; 2008:265-74.
40. Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism. Pediatric Neuroendocrinology. 2010; 17:11-21.
41. Kopelman, P., Health risks associated with overweight and obesity. Obesity Reviews, 2007; 8: 13-17.
42. Wang, Y., Beydoun, M. A., Liang, L., Caballero, B. and Kumanyika, S. K., Will All Americans Become Overweight or Obese? Estimating the Progression and Cost of the US Obesity Epidemic. Obesity, 2008 16: 2323-2330.
43. Seidell JC. Societal and personal costs of obesity. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1998;106(Suppl 2):7-9
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Published
Nov 26, 2022
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Tazyeen Fatima, Anjali Gupta, Anju Sharma, Asha Gandhi, & Jay Prakash Singh Rajput. (2022). EXAMINING SLEEP PATTERNS AND OBESITY IN MEDICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW". Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(04), 765–771. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v29i04.3225
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Author Biographies
Tazyeen Fatima
Ph.D. Scholar Physiology, SGT Medical College and Hospital, Budhera, Gurugram
Anjali Gupta
Tutor, Department of Physiology, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh
Anju Sharma
Ph.D. Scholar Physiology, SGT Medical College and Hospital, Budhera, Gurugram
Asha Gandhi
Professor Department of Physiology, SGT Medical College and Hospital, Gurugram
Jay Prakash Singh Rajput
Assistant Professor, MM College of Medical Science & Research, Sadopur, Ambala