MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DENGUE VIRUS SEROTYPES IN MALAKAND DIVISION, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN.
Main Article Content
Keywords
Dengue, Outbreak, DENV, real-time PCR, RNA Virus, Pakistan
Abstract
Background: Dengue is a widely spread mosquitoes transmitted viral infection pose a serious public health concern. The causative agent of dengue fever-dengue virus (DENV) belong to family flaviviridae consist of various four serotypes (DENV-1-4).
Aims: The current study aimed at molecular characterization, clinical features, and dengue virus serotypes in symptomatic patients.
Methodology: A total of 1382 suspects were diagnosed from April 2022 to October 2023 in Malakand Division, KP, Pakistan. The entire cases were serologically screened through NS1 (nonstructural protein-1) followed by IgM (Immunoglobulin-M) and IgG (Immunoglobulin-G) antibodies followed by molecular characterization through real-time PCR.
Results: The prevalence of dengue virus infection was 22.5% (311/1382) where male population were more infected 61.1% (191/311) as compare to female gender. Majority of the patients were from middle age group (15-30yrs) 44.7% (139/311) while rural residence population was more vulnerable to infection 67.8%(211/311). Most of the cases reported from district swat 39.5% (123/311), whereas during the month of September the highest number of cases 43.7% (136/311) were observed. Leukocytopenia 63.7% (198/311) and decreased number of platelets counts 76.2% (237/311) were significantly correlated with the infection. Molecular characterization revealed the entire four serotypes among which DENV-3 54.1% (168/240) was the most dominating serotype followed by DENV-2 28.3% (68/240).
Conclusion: This study concluded that dengue virus consistently prevailing during the COVID-19 pandemic however majority of the cases were under reported. Majority of the cases were of DENV-3 and DENV-2 serotypes however all the serotypes are present here.
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Naveed Alam
Al-Nafees Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
Razi Ullah
Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Lab for Vascular Implants College of Bioengineering Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
Gulfam Ali Shahzad
Riphah International University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
Shab Niaz
Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
Shahid Ali
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Asma Sadiq
Department of Microbiology, University of Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan
Syed Nadeem ul Hassan Mohani
Department of Pharmacy, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad Pakistan
Amir Aziz
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Hayat Khan
Department of Life and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Jadoon Khan
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad Pakistan