Evaluating the Antibiotic Sensitivity and Resistance Patterns of Salmonella Typhi in Pediatric Enteric Fever Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital
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Keywords
Antibiotic Sensitivity, Pediatric Enteric Fever, Salmonella Typhi, Resistance
Abstract
Enteric fever, caused by Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi, remains a formidable global health concern, particularly affecting developing nations. With an exceeding annual global incidence of significant mortality rates, the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains poses escalating challenges to effective treatment. This cross-sectional study was carried out at Khyber Teaching Hospital from October 2023 to July 2024 by using a non-probability purposive sampling method. The study focused on children aged 1 to 14 years who were admitted to the pediatric department and had blood cultures positive exclusively for Salmonella Typhi. Data were gathered from the patients' culture and sensitivity reports and analyzed using SPSS Software Version 21. Out of 359 cases, 206 (57.4%) were male and 153 (42.6%) were female. Antibiogram analysis revealed significant resistance to primary antibiotics, including co-trimoxazole (48%), chloramphenicol (96%), ceftriaxone (96.3%), and ciprofloxacin (95.9%). High resistance was also observed for ampicillin (98.9%), moxifloxacin (84.1%), and several others. In contrast, antibiotics like meropenem, doripenem, imipenem, ertapenem, tigecycline, and colistin showed 100% sensitivity. The combination drugs such as Pipercillin-tazobactam (99.2%) and Cefoperazone-sulbactam (98.5%) also showed higher sensitivities. The sensitivity of Azithromycin and Doxycyclin was 99.4% and 85.7% respectively. The study reveals a concerning trend of significant antibiotic resistance among Salmonella Typhi isolates, particularly against first-line antibiotics. Despite this, high sensitivity was noted for azithromycin, meropenem, doripenem, imipenem, and tigecycline, indicating their effectiveness in treating enteric fever. The healthcare professionals should consider these regional antibiotic resistance trends for better patient outcomes.
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Bushra Noor
Khyber Medical College, Peshawar.
Arshia Munir
Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar.
Laiba Ali Khan
Khyber Medical College, Peshawar.
Arsalan Khan
Khyber Medical College, Peshawar.
Saif Ullah
Khyber Medical College, Peshawar.
Aroob Khan
Nawaz Sharif Medical College, Gujrat.