EFFECTS OF DIABETES ON CARDIAC CONTRACTILE PROTEINS AND REVERSAL WITH INSULIN

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus poses a serious threat to global health due to its well-known devastating effects on the cardiovascular system. A crucial part of preserving circulatory homeostasis is the contractile activity of the heart, which is controlled by cardiac contractile proteins. However, research is still ongoing into the processes by which diabetes alters these proteins and the possibility of their reversal with insulin therapy.

Methods: In the medicine department of Central Park Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, a 9-month prospective longitudinal research was conducted. Glycemic control, cardiac contractile proteins, and heart function were carefully examined at baseline and nine months in a group of 150 adult individuals. For comparison analysis, participants were divided into diabetes groups with and without insulin therapy as well as a control group.

Results: Both diabetic groups showed improved glycemic control, with HbA1c levels in the diabetic insulin group (DIG) falling from 8.3% to 7.9%. The Diabetic Group's (DG) fasting blood glucose levels dropped from 166.2 mg/dL to 158.4 mg/dL. According to an enhanced ejection fraction in DG that rose from 58.0% to 59.7% and a slight shortening of the QTc interval, the study also showed possible improvements in cardiac function. Additionally, actin levels in DIG increased statistically significantly from 18.8 g/g to 20.3 g/g, indicating a potential reversal of cardiac protein changes.

Conclusion: The importance of glycemic management and the potential of insulin therapy in maintaining or recovering heart function in diabetics are both highlighted by this study. It adds to the growing body of research that highlights the need of comprehensive diabetes treatment for treating and preventing cardiac problems linked to diabetes.