A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN CLOSED AND OPEN HEMORRHOIDECTOMY IN TERMS OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION

Abstract

Introduction: Hemorrhoids are a prevalent medical condition affecting millions worldwide, characterized by swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum or anus, leading to discomfort, pain, and sometimes bleeding during bowel movements.

Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the comparison between closed and open hemorrhoidectomy in terms of Surgical site infection.

Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Ayub teaching hospital Abbottabad from January 2023 to December 2023. Data related to surgical techniques, history of patient, demographic data and all related material were noted from the hospital record.  Demographic information, comorbidities, surgical details, operative time, perioperative management and postoperative outcomes, presence of SSIs, wound healing and complications were systematically collected and recorded.

Results: Data were collected from 230 patients according to criteria. Mean age pf patients in group A was 45.5 ± 8.2 years and 47.3 ± 7.5 years in second group. There were 120 patients in group A and 110 patients in group B. Mean operative time was 40.2 ± 10.5min and 55.8 ± 12.3 min in group A and B respectively.In the closed hemorrhoidectomy group, 8 out of 120 patients (6.7%) developed surgical site infections (SSIs), while in the open hemorrhoidectomy group, 12 out of 110 patients (10.9%) experienced SSIs. Wound healing rates were higher in the closed group (95%) compared to the open group (90%). Postoperative pain scores were lower in the closed group (mean ± SD: 3.5 ± 1.2) compared to the open group (mean ± SD: 4.2 ± 1.5).

Conclusion: It is concluded that closed hemorrhoidectomy exhibits a significantly lower incidence of surgical site infections as compared to open hemorrhoidectomy. Both techniques demonstrate comparable efficacy in terms of wound healing rates, postoperative pain scores, and length of hospital stay.