PREVALENCE OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN INDIVIDUALS DIAGNOSED WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SITE OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS
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Keywords
Coronary artery disease, DM, Atherosclerotic lesions
Abstract
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in individuals with CAD and to investigate its association with the site of atherosclerotic lesions.
Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Saidu Group of Teaching Hospitals (SGTH) and Kings International Hospital Saidu Sharif Swat, Pakistan. A total of 150 patients were enrolled from August, 2023 and January, 2024. Coronary angiography was performed on all patients by a consultant cardiologist with a minimum of 5 years of experience. This ensured standardized and reliable assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) across the study population. Additionally, fasting blood sugar tests were conducted to confirm the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the patients.
Results: The mean age of all patients was age of the patients was 50.82+9.66 years. Out of the total enrolled patients, 96 individuals (64.0%) were male, while the remaining 54 individuals (36.0%) were female. Hypertension was present in 73 patients (48.7%), with a smoking history observed in 48 patients (32.0%), and a family history of coronary artery disease (CAD) noted in 44 patients (29.3%). Regarding the distribution of atherosclerotic lesions, proximal lesions were detected in 88 individuals (58.7%), while mid to distal lesions were found in 62 individuals (41.3%). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was diagnosed in 60 patients (40.0%). Among these, 30 patients (34.1%) exhibited proximal lesions, and the same number of patients (48.4%) had mid to distal lesions, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.05.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that there is strong association between diabetes mellitus.
References
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Dr. Saleem Ullah
Consultant Cardiologist Siadu Group of Teaching Hospital, Saidu Sharif Swat and Kings International Hospital Saidu Sharif Swat, Pakistan
Dr. Syed Javaid Iqbal
Consultant Cardiologist Siadu Group of Teaching Hospital, Saidu Sharif Swat and Kings International Hospital Saidu Sharif Swat, Pakistan
Dr. Hassan Javed
Medical Officer, Health Department, Tehsil Head Quarter Hospital Sahiwal District Sargodha Punjab, Pakistan
Dr. Awais Hussain Kazim
Senior Registrar, Cardiology Department, Wazirabad Institute of Cardiology, Wazirabad, Punjab, Pakistan
Dr. Suleman Khan
Resident Physician, Medical A Ward Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar KPK, Pakistan
Dr. Abdul Wadood Kakar
Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Teaching Hospital Loralai, Pakistan