MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE DISTAL END OF THE DRY ADULT HUMERUS AND ITS CLINICAL CORRELATION: AN INSTITUTIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Capitulum, distal end, trochlea, humerus, fracture, medial condyle, lateral condyle
Abstract
Background: The humerus is the largest and most powerful bone of the upper limb. Movement of the humerus is needed for daily activities like writing, lifting things and throwing, etc. Morphometry of the humerus is important for the identification of unknown bodies, estimation of height, age, and gender in forensic science. Morphometry of the distal end of the humerus can assist in reconstructive surgeries through implants as orthopedic surgeons face difficulty in fixing complex fractures.
Aim:- The present study aims to determine the mean values of various parameters of the distal end of the humerus.
Methodology:-Eight morphometric parameters were evaluated from 70 dry adult humeri using measuring tape and vernier caliper. The average maximal length of the humerus in the present study on the right side is 306.55±16.45mm and on the left side is 303.20±11.12mm. The transverse distance between the medial and lateral epicondyle on the right side of the humerus is 59.47±2.53mm and on the left side 57.57±3.53mm respectively. The average transverse distance between the capitulum and medial flange of trochlea on the right side is 42.27±1.99mm and on the left side is 42.48±2.42mm respectively. The average maximum transverse distance from the medial epicondyle to the capitulum on the right side is 56.60±2.71mm and on the left side is 53.95±3.96 respectively. The average maximal horizontal diameter of trochlea on the right side is 23.27±1.79 and on the left side is 22.80±1.74 respectively. The anteroposterior diameter of the trochlea at the middle of the trochlea on the right side is 16.57 ±1.55 and on the left side is 16.30±1.24 respectively. The maximal length of the medial flange of the trochlea on the right side is 23.23±1.67 and on the left side is 22.67±1.70. The maximal length of the lateral flange of the trochlea on the right side is 18.17±1.72 and on the left side is 17.17±1.28respectively.
Conclusion: The morphometric analysis of the humerus can be useful for anatomists, forensic experts, and archeologists for the estimation of the stature, age, and sex of an individual. This information is also useful for surgeons in preparing implants and reconstruction of fractures of the distal end of the humerus.
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Shaziya Afzal
Postgraduate Scholar, Department of Anatomy GMC Srinagar
Sabia Nazir
Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy GMC Srinagar
Javed Ahmad Khan
Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy GMC Srinagar
Mohd Arif Makdoomi
Senior Resident, Department Of Anatomy Gmc Srinagar, +917006273602
Ghulam Mohammad Bhat
Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy GMC Srinagar
S M Muhalil
Postgraduate Scholar, Department of Anatomy GMC Srinagar
Sajad Hamid
Faculty SKIMS MCH