THE RATE OF DIABETES MELLITUS THAT WASN'T PREVIOUSLY FOUND IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME USING HBA1C

Main Article Content

Cheragh Hussain
Muhammad Hussain Afridi
Akbar Shah
Shaista Kawanl
Nizamuddin

Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus, Acute Coronary Syndrome, HbA1c Testing, Undiagnosed

Abstract

Objective: To determine the percentage of individuals with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who have never been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Using HBA1c as parameter.


Study Design:  A Cross-sectional Study


Place and duration of study: Department of Cardiology & Endocrinology     HMC Hospital Peshawar from 1st Jan 2022 to  1st jan-  2022


Methods: Out of 100 patients diagnosed with ACS and hospitalized with acute chest discomfort, participants were chosen for the research. Following a comprehensive history and physical examination, these individuals had an ECG, serum troponin-I level, haemoglobin level, and HbA1C tests. The patient's BMI, age, gender, and HbAlc level were recorded. Each patient's outcome (diabetes, prediabetes, and non-diabetic) was recorded.


Results:  With a mean age of 52.07 years, 70% of the 100 participants were male. The HbA1c level was 4.11%±1.79% on average. STEMI (70.20%) was the most prevalent kind of ACS, followed by NSTEMI (22.81%). 8% of individuals had just received a diabetes mellitus diagnosis. According to statistical analysis, age, gender, or type of ACS did not significantly correlate with the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. These results highlight the high rate of diabetes mellitus that goes undiagnosed in ACS patients, underscoring the need for early screening in this group.


Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for proactive DM screening in this group by highlighting a high incidence of previously undetected DM among ACS patients. In individuals with ACS, early identification and treatment of DM may reduce cardiovascular risks and enhance therapeutic results. To enable prompt diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus, healthcare practitioners should include HbA1c testing in regular evaluations for patients with ACS. This would eventually lower the morbidity and death rates linked to cardiovascular problems.

Abstract 55 | PDF Downloads 20

References

1. World Health Organization. (2020). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(vcds)

2. International Diabetes Federation. (2019). IDF Diabetes Atlas 9th Edition. https://www.diabetesatlas.org


3. Kannel, W. B., et al. (1974). Diabetes mellitus: a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in women. American Journal of Epidemiology, 99(2), 130-148.
4. Bartnik, M., et al. (2004). New-onset heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus: a population-based study. European Heart Journal, 25(19), 1689-1697.

5. Kosiborod, M., et al. (2005). Glucose normalization and outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(10), 1092-1099.


6. American Diabetes Association. (2020). 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020. Diabetes Care, 43(Suppl 1), S14-S31.

7. Thygesen, K., et al. (2018). Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018). European Heart Journal, 40(3), 237-269.


8. American Diabetes Association. (2020). 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2020. Diabetes Care, 43(Suppl 1), S14-S31.

9. Al-Janabi AH, Abdulzahra MA, Jaafar SS, Hussein TS, Al-Mawlah YH. Chromium status and insulin resistance as the risk factors of ischemic heart disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Journal of Biotech Research. 2023;15:24-30.


10. Xiong K, Zhang S, Zhong P, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Huang W, Wang W. Serum cystatin C for risk stratification of prediabetes and diabetes populations. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews. 2023 Nov 1;17(11):102882.

11. Zhu J, Li W, Chen F, Xie Z, Zhuo K, Huang R. Impact of glycemic control on biventricular function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking study. Insights into Imaging. 2023 Jan 11;14(1):7.


12. El-Maaty IF, Mostafa DA, El-Sokkarry HM, El-Setiha ME. Relationship between admission random blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, with the severity of the coronary lesion and hospital outcomes in patients admitted with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. IJCS. 2023;5(1):01-8.

13. Ibrahim MI, Mohamed YM, Taher MA, Abdelrahman MA. The Utility of Serum Procalcitonin Level as an Early Diagnostic Biomarker for COVID in Patients Presenting with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Post Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2023 Jan 1;90(1):843-51.

14. Konnov M, Stevens C. Association of parental obesity and body mass index in children of early ischemic heart disease patients. Atherosclerosis. 2023 Aug 1;379:S91-2.

15. Devi SM, Pamreddy A, Narendra VR. Risks associated with acute pancreatitis (AP) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in COVID-19 patients: a literature review. Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders. 2023 Apr 8:1-2.

16. Yuzuguldu B, Zengin B, Simsir IY, Cetinkalp S. An Overview of Risk Factors for Diabetic Foot Amputation: An Observational, Single-centre, Retrospective Cohort Study. touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology. 2023 May;19(1):85.

17. Fadel NH, El-Sattar A, Mohamed E, Abdel Fattah Ouda IM, Taha Morsi FA. Performance of Urinary Clusterin as a Biomarker for Diagnosis of Early Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes. Medicine Updates. 2023 Oct 1;15(15):46-60.


18. Mansour M, Makhous R. The effect of Metformin and its combinations with other hypoglycemic agents on CRP blood levels. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2023;16(10):4602-6.