FREQUENCY OF VITAMIN D LEVEL WITH NUTRITION STATUS IN YOUNG AGE OF 18-35 YEARS, OF LARKANA REGION SINDH PAKISTAN
Main Article Content
Keywords
Serum vitamin D level, Adults age 18-35 years, Nutritional Status
Abstract
Background: In addition to being the sunshine hormone, vitamin D is a necessary component of a balanced diet.
It is vital for the growth of children's teeth and bones and aids in the body's absorption of calcium and phosphate. Insufficient levels of vitamin D lead to weak bones, osteoporosis in the elderly, and osteomalacia in young people. It also results in an increase in dental cavities, the loss of alveolar bone surrounding the teeth, and other gum disease-related issues. Depression, exhaustion, and appetite loss are possible side effects. The purpose of this study is to examine vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency in Pakistani children, adults, adolescents, and elders.
Methods: 185 people who were referred from Larkana City participated in a cross-sectional survey that ran from January 2020 to July of that same year. The young age groups of both male and female genders were assessed for laboratory findings of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels in order to determine vitamin D level.
Results: This study involved a total of 185 participants. In accordance with gender, participants were divided into two main groups. Male participants made up 57% of these subjects (105), while female subjects made up 43% (80). The average age of the population was 26.2 ± 5.94.
In addition to reported normal levels of vitamin D, Table 1.0 displays low (P = <0.001) and high (P = <0.001) vitamin levels. Women were more likely to have low vitamin D levels (P=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency is almost common in young people. Most of peoples skip sessional fruits and meat.
Conclusion: The results of the study on vitamin D deficiency in young adults showed that it was low in almost all cases, and that many people avoided occasional fast food and veganism due to poverty. These findings suggest that supplements are necessary for young adults to lead healthy lifestyles.
References
2. Haussler MR, Whitfeld GK, Kaneko I, Haussler CA, Hsieh D, Hsieh J-C, et al. Molecular mechanisms of vitamin D action. Calcif Tissue Int. 2013;92(2):77–98.
3. Papagerakis P, MacDougall M, Hotton D, Bailleul-Forestier I, Oboeuf M, Berdal A. Expression of amelogenin in odontoblasts. Bone. 2003;3(32):228–40.
4. Krall EA, Wehler C, Garcia RI, Harris SS, Dawson-Hughes B. Calcium and vitamin D supplements reduce tooth loss in the elderly. Am J Med. 2001;111(6):452–6.
5. Diachkova E, Trifonova D, Morozova E, Runova G, Ashurko I, Ibadulaeva M, et al. Vitamin D and Its Role in Oral Diseases Development. Scoping Review Dentistry Journal. 2021;9(11):129.
6. Schroth RJ, Levi JA, Sellers EA, Friel J, Kliewer E, Mofatt ME. Vitamin D status of children with severe early childhood caries: a case–control study. BMC Pediatr. 2013;13(1):1.
7. Amrein K, Scherkl M, Hofmann M, Neuwersch-Sommeregger S, Köstenberger M, Berisha AT, et al. Vitamin D defciency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020;74(11):1498–513.
8. Iqbal R, Khan AH. Possible causes of vitamin D defciency (VDD) in Pakistani population residing in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2010;60(1):1–2
9. Qasim M, Kamran A, Memon MH, Hanif S, Murtaza G. Frequency of nutritional vitamin D defciency in children 6 months to 5 years of age presenting with rickets at civil hospital, Karachi. Ann Abbasi Shaheed Hospital Karachi Med Dent Coll. 2016;21(1):4–8.
10. Taylor SN. Vitamin D in toddlers, preschool children, and adolescents. Ann Nutr Metab. 2020;76(2):30–41.
11. Ahmadi R, Ramazani N, Nourinasab R. Molar incisor hypomineralization: a study of prevalence and etiology in a group of Iranian children. 2013.
12. Jeremias F, Souza JFd, Costa Silva CMd, Cordeiro RdCL, Zuanon ÂCC, Santos-Pinto L. Dental caries experience and molar-incisor hypomineralization. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2013;71(3–4):870–6.
13. Schroth RJ, Lavelle C, Tate R, Bruce S, Billings RJ, Mofatt ME. Prenatal vitamin D and dental caries in infants. Pediatrics. 2014;133(5):e1277–84.
14. Miley DD, Garcia MN, Hildebolt CF, Shannon WD, Couture RA, Anderson Spearie CL, et al. Cross-sectional study of vitamin D and calcium supplementation efects on chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009;80(9):1433–9.
15. Siddiqee MH, Bhattacharjee B, Siddiqi UR, Rahman MM. High burden of hypovitaminosis D among the children and adolescents in South Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Health Popul Nutr. 2022;41(1):1–21.
16. Cui A, Xiao P, Ma Y, Fan Z, Zhou F, Zheng J, et al. Prevalence, trend, and predictor analyses of vitamin D defciency in the US population, 2001–2018. Front Nutr. 2022;9:965376.
17. Yousef S, Colman I, Papadimitropoulos M, Manuel D, Hossain A, Faris M, et al. Vitamin D and Chronic Diseases among First-Generation Immi - grants: A Large-Scale Study Using Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) Data. Nutrients. 2022;14(9):1760.
18. Pludowski P, Takacs I, Boyanov M, Belaya Z, Diaconu CC, Mokhort T, et al. Clinical Practice in the Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Vitamin D Defciency: A Central and Eastern European Expert Consensus Statement. Nutrients. 2022;14(7):1483.
19. Hussain T, Latif AHE, Malik S, Raza S, Saeed T, Zahid AS, et al. Vitamin D defciency and associated risk factors in Muslim Housewives of Quetta, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study. Cureus. 2021;13(9):e17643
20. Riaz H, Finlayson A, Bashir S, Hussain S, Mahmood S, Malik F, et al. Preva - lence of Vitamin D defciency in Pakistan and implications for the future. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016;9(2):329–38.
21. Wacker M, Holick MF. Sunlight and Vitamin D: A global perspective for health. Dermato-endocrinology. 2013;5(1):51–108
22. Hassan S, Muzammil S, Jafri L, Khan A. An audit of clinical laboratory data of 25 [OH] D at Aga Khan University as refecting vitamin D defciency in Pakistan. J Pakistan Med Assoc. 2015;65(11):1247–50.
23. Shah IU, Sameen A, Manzoor MF, Ahmed Z, Gao J, Farooq U, et al. Association of dietary calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D with type 2 diabetes among US adults: National health and nutrition examination survey 2007–2014—A cross-sectional study. Food Sci Nutr. 2021;9(3):1480–90.
24. Tariq A, Khan SR, Basharat A. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practice towards Vitamin D among university students in Pakistan. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1–10.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Ishfaque Ahmed Mugheri
PhD Scholar at Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro - Pakistan
Mehar Ali Kazi
Assistant Professor at Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro - Pakistan
Khalid Hussain Mugheri
Lecturer, Indus College of Pharmacy the University of Modern Sciences Tando Muhammad Khan Sindh - Pakistan
Abdul Qadir Mugheri
Consultant Neurologist SMBBMU, Larkana - Pakistan
Ali Jan Shahani
M. Phil Scholar at Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro - Pakistan
Zoya
PhD Scholar at Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro - Pakistan
Fozia Praveen Mugheri
Institute of Pharmacy, SMBBMU, Larkana – Pakistan.
Asma Nawaz Khaskheli
Lecturer, Indus College of Pharmacy TUMS, Tando Muhammad Khan Sindh - Pakistan