SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF FLUORIDE’S EFFECT ON TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. IN PAKISTAN
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Keywords
Change Analysis, Health Index, Hotspot, Model, Wheat
Abstract
This research investigates the repercussions of fluoride emissions from brick kilns on wheat crop cultivation and soil health in Pakistan. As an agrarian nation heavily dependent on wheat as a staple food crop, understanding the dynamics of fluoride contamination is crucial for both economic stability and societal well-being. The study focuses on the Gujarkhan tehsil in district Rawalpindi, where brick kilns are operational, and examines the concentration and effects of fluorine in both soil and wheat crops (Triticum aestivum L.). Samples were collected from a control site and the surrounding areas of brick kilns, and fluoride concentration was measured using a potentiometer. The growth and health of wheat crops were assessed through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results revealed a higher concentration of fluoride in wheat samples collected from the southwest of the brick kiln, indicating a localized impact on crop health. The findings of this study underscore the detrimental effects of fluoride emissions from brick kilns on wheat crop growth and soil health. Poor growth and compromised health of wheat fields in the proximity of kilns were identified, leading to a reduction in yield. Beyond agricultural implications, the study highlights the broader economic and sociopolitical consequences of such environmental stressors. The research contributes to the understanding of environmental challenges in agrarian settings and emphasizes the need for sustainable practices in brick kiln operations.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Rabail Urooj
Department of Environmental Sciences, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan.
Anila Bahadur
Department of Environmental Sciences, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan.
Sadaf Aslam Ghori
Department of Environmental Sciences, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Quetta, Pakistan.