BENIGN AND PROFICIENT PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION OF QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES
Main Article Content
Keywords
quinoline, quinoline derivatives, synthesis, biological activity
Abstract
Quinoline is a class of natural mixtures of the aromatic heterocyclic series described by a bicyclic heterocyclic system consisting of a six-membered benzene ring fused with pyridine, reported as an important building block in the field of medicinal chemistry. Among heterocyclic compounds, quinoline is a privileged scaffold that appears as an important construction motif for the development of new drugs. synthetic routes have been developed for the synthesis of quinoline and its derivatives due to its wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. This article covers the synthesis as well as biological activities of quinoline derivatives such as antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, anthelmintic, local anesthetic, anticancer, antiglaucoma, antipsychotic, antiasthmatic and miscellaneous activities
References
1. Valarmathy Joshua, Shalini S, Janapriya S, Bharath Kumar. R, Veeraselvam. S, Manickkvasagam. A, Sam Solomon. W. D and Samuel Joshua. L, “Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some novel quinoline-4-carboxylic acid derivatives based on Doebner hydrogen transfer reaction”, Eur. Chem. Bull. 2023, 12 (Regular Issue 11), 01–08.
2. Venkat Lingaiah B P, Yakaiah T, Chandra Shekhar A, Ravi Kumar A, Sathaiah G, Raju K, Shanthan Rao P, Narasaiah B, Pranay Kumar K, Murthy U S N, Purushotham U and NarahariSastry G, “Synthesis of novel α-amino acid functionalized 6-fluoroquinolines, their anti-bacterial activity and molecular docking studies”, Indian Journal of Chemistry, 2012; 51(B):969- 980.
3. Sumesh Eswaran, Airody Vasudeva Adhikari and Suchetha Shetty, “Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel quinoline derivatives carrying 1,2,4-triazole moiety’’, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009; 44:4637–4647.
4. Digafie, Zeleke, Rajalakshmanan, Eswaramoorthy, Zerihun, Belay, and Yadessa, Melaku, “Synthesis and Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Molecular Docking, Analysis of Some Novel Quinoline Derivatives”, Hindawi Journal of Chemistry, 2020:16.
5. Zhu H, Yang R F, Yun L H and Li J, “Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Quinoline-4-Carboxylic Acids under Microwave Irradiation”, Chin. Chem. Lett, 2010; 21(1):35–38.
6. Mohammad Ali Nasseri, Batolzakerinasab and Sayyedekamayestani, “proficient Procedure for Preparation of Quinoline Derivatives Catalyzed by NbCl5 in Glycerol as Green Solvent”, Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2014; 2015:7.
7. Hegedus A, Hell Z, Vargadi T, Potor A and Gresits I, “A new, simple synthesis of 1,2-dihydroquinolines via cyclocondensation using zeolite catalyst”, Catalys is Letters, 2007; 117:99-101.
8. Abbas teimouri and Alirezanajafichermahini, “A mild and highly efficient Friedländer synthesis of quinolines in the presence of heterogeneous solid acid nano-catalyst”, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2016; 9:433-439.
9. Cho C S and Ren W X, “A recyclable palladium-catalyzed modified Friedländerquinoline synthesis”, J. Organomet. Chem., 2007; 692:4182- 4186.
10. Zhou T, Lin J and Chen Z, “A convenient synthesis of quinolones via ionic liquid-catalysed Friedlander annulations”, Letters in Organic Chemistry, 2008; 5:47-50.
11. Bharathkumar H, Mohan C D, Ananda H, Fuchs J E, Li F, Rangappa S, Surender M, Bulusu K C, Girish K S, Sethi G, Bender A, Basappa, and Rangappa K S, “Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Studies of Novel Estrogen Receptor α Ligands towards Human Breast Cancer Cells”, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, 2015; 25(8):1804–1807.
12. Jampilek J, Musiol R, Pesko M, Kralova K, Vejsova M, Carroll J, Coffey A, Finster J, Tabak D and Niedbala H, “Ring-substituted 4-hydroxy-1H- quinolin-2-ones: preparation and biological activity”, Molecules, 2009; 14:1145-1159.
13. Zolfigol M A, Salehi P, Ghaderi A, Shiri M and Tanbakouchian Z, “An eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of polysubstitutedquinolines under aqueous media”, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2006; 259:253-258.
14. Muscia G C, Bollini M, Carnevale J P, Bruno A M and Asís S E, “Microwave-Assisted Friedländer Synthesis of Quinolines Derivatives as Potential Antiparasitic Agent”, Tetrahedron Lett, 2006; 47(50):8811-8815.
15. Chaudhuri M K and Hussain S, “An Efficient Synthesis of Quinolines under Solvent-Free Conditions”, J. Chem. Sci., 2006; 118(2): 199-202.
16. Zhang L, Wu B, Zhou Y, Xia J, Zhou S and Wang S, “Rare-Earth Metal Chlorides Catalyzed One-Pot Syntheses of Quinolines under Solvent-Free Microwave Irradiation Conditions”, Chin. J. Chem, 2013; 31(4):465-471.
17. Bhatt H G, Agrawal Y K and Patel M J, “Amino- and Fluoro-Substituted Quinoline-4-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: MWI Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Apoptotic DNA Fragmentation and Molecular Docking Studies”, Med. Chem. Res, 2015; 24(4):1662-1671.
18. Safari J, Banitaba S H and Samiei S S, “Early Surgical Decompression Restores Neurovascular Blood Flow and Ischemic Parameters in an in Vivo Animal Model of Nerve Compression Injury”, J. Chem. Sci, 2009; 121:481- 484.
19. Anvar S, Mohammadpoor-Baltork T, Tanges taninejad S, Moghadam M, Mirkhani V, Khosropour A R and Kia R, “Efficient and environmentally- benign three-component synthesis of quinolines and bis-quinolines catalyzed by recyclable potassium dodecatungs to cobaltatetri hydrate under microwave irradiation”, RSC Adv, 2012; 2:8713-8720.
20. Gogoi S, Shekarrao K, Duarah A, Bora T C and Boruah R C, Microwave- assisted palladium mediated efficient synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridines, pyrazolo[3,4-b] quinolines, pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidines and pyrazolo [1,5- a] quinazolines”, RSC Adv, 2012; 77:1438-1445.
21. Ranu B C, Hajra A and Jana U, “A simple and green procedure for the synthesis of N, N'-disubstitutedthioureas on the surface of alumina under microwave irradiation”, Tetrahedron Letter, 2000; 41:531-533.
22. Kulkarni A and Torok B, “Microwave-assisted multicomponent domino cyclization–aromatization: an efficient approach for the synthesis of substituted quinolines”, Green Chem, 2010; 12:875-878.
23. Praveen C, DheenKumar X P, Muralidharan and Perumal P T, “Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluation of quinolines and bis (indolyl) methanes”, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010; 20:7292-7296.
24. Prakash Naik H R, BhojyaNaik H S, RavikumarNaik T R, Aravinda T and Lamani T S, “TiO2 Nanopowder Catalyzed Microwave-Induced One- Pot Synthesis of Novel Quinoline/Benzo[h]quinoline3-carbonitrile Under Solvent Free Conditions”, Phosphorus, Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem., 2009; 184:2109-2114.
25. Reddy T R, Reddy L S, Reddy G R, Yarbagi K, Lingappa Y, Rambabu D, Krishna G R, Reddy C M, Kumar K S and Pal M, “Construction of a quinoline ring via a 3-component reaction in water: crystal structure analysis and H-bonding patterns of a 2-aryl quinoline”, Green Chem., 2012, 14, 1870—1872.
26. Nagendrappa G, “Applied Clay Science”, Science Direct, 2011; 53:106- 138.
27. Jida M and Deprez B, “Friedländer synthesis of polysubstitute dquinolines and naphthyridines promoted by propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P®) under mild conditions”, New J. Chem., 2012; 36:869.
28. Hosseini Sarvari M, “Synthesis of quinolines using Nano-Flake ZnO as a new catalyst under solvent-free conditions”, Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 2011; 8:119-128.
29. Bryson T A, Gibson J M, Stewart J J, Voegtle H, Tiwari A, Dawson J H, Marley W and Harmon B, “Synthesis of quinolines, pyridine ligands and biological probes in green media”, Green Chemistry, 2003; 5:177-180.
30. Vu A T, Cohn S T, Manas E S, Harris H A and Mewshaw R E, “ERbeta ligands Part 4: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of 2- phenylquinoline derivatives”, PubMed, 2005; 15:4520-4525.
31. A. Hasaninejad, M. Shekouhy and A. Zare , “Silicananoparticlesefficiently catalyzed synthesis of quinolines and quinoxalines”, Catalsis Science Technology, 2012; 2:201-214.
32. H. Zhu, R. F. Yang, L. H. Yun and J. Li, “Metal-free synthesis of quinolines by direct condensation of amides with alkynes: revelation of N- aryl nitrilium intermediates by 2D NMR techniques”, Chin. Chem. Lett., 2010; 21:35-38.
33. Shi-Ben Wang, Xian-Qing Deng, Yan Zheng, Hong-Jian Zhang and Zhe- Shan Quan, “Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity evaluation of 8-alkoxy-5- (4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) quinoline derivatives”, Arch. Pharm. Res, 2013; 36:32-40.
34. Yong-Feng Guan, Xiu-Juan Liu, Xin-Ying Yuan, Wen-Bo Liu, Yin-Ru Li, Guang-Xi Yu, Xin-Yi Tian, Yan-Bing Zhang, Jian Song, Wen Li and Sai- Yang Zhang, “Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity Studies of Novel Quinoline-Chalcone Derivatives”, Molecules, 2021; 26:4899.
35. MaciejSerda, Robert Musiol, Jaroslaw and Polanski, “New thiosemicarbazones based on quinoline scaffold as anticancer iron chelators”, University of Silesia Institute of Chemistry Szkolna, 9; 40-007.
36. Nithyanantham, Muruganantham, Ramaiah, Sivakumar, Navaneetharaman, Anbalagan, Vedachalam, Gunasekaran, and Joseph Thomas Leonard, “Synthesis, anticonvulsant and antihypertensive activities of 8-Substituted Quinoline Derivatives”, Biol. Pharm. Bul, 2004; 27(10):1683-1687.
37. Halikar N K, Jagtap P R, Vartale S P, “Green Synthetic Approach and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel Pyrimido[1,2-a] quinoline derivatives”,International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2022; 9(8):117-121.
38. Jamshed Iqbal, Syeda Abida Ejaz, Imtiaz Khan, Elina Ausekle, Mariia Miliutina and Peter Langer, “Exploration of quinolone and quinolone derivatives as potential anticancer agents”, DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019; 27:613-626.
39. Mukherjee S and Pal M, “Medicinal chemistry of quinolines as emerging anti-inflammatory: an overview”, Current medicinal chemistry, 2013; 20:4386-4410.
40. Sumesh Eswaran, Airody Vasudeva Adhikari, Nishith Pal K and Imran Chowdhury H, "Design and synthesis of some new quinoline-3- carbohydrazone derivatives as potential antimycobacterial agents”, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2010; 20:1040-1044.
41. Nithyanantham, Muruganantham, Ramaiah, Sivakumar, Navaneetharaman, Anbalagan, Vedachalam, Gunasekaran and Joseph Thomas Leonard, “Synthesis, Anticonvulsant and Antihypertensive Activities of 8-Substituted Quinoline Derivatives”, Biol. Pharm. Bull, 2004; 27(10):1683-1687
2. Venkat Lingaiah B P, Yakaiah T, Chandra Shekhar A, Ravi Kumar A, Sathaiah G, Raju K, Shanthan Rao P, Narasaiah B, Pranay Kumar K, Murthy U S N, Purushotham U and NarahariSastry G, “Synthesis of novel α-amino acid functionalized 6-fluoroquinolines, their anti-bacterial activity and molecular docking studies”, Indian Journal of Chemistry, 2012; 51(B):969- 980.
3. Sumesh Eswaran, Airody Vasudeva Adhikari and Suchetha Shetty, “Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of novel quinoline derivatives carrying 1,2,4-triazole moiety’’, European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2009; 44:4637–4647.
4. Digafie, Zeleke, Rajalakshmanan, Eswaramoorthy, Zerihun, Belay, and Yadessa, Melaku, “Synthesis and Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Molecular Docking, Analysis of Some Novel Quinoline Derivatives”, Hindawi Journal of Chemistry, 2020:16.
5. Zhu H, Yang R F, Yun L H and Li J, “Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Quinoline-4-Carboxylic Acids under Microwave Irradiation”, Chin. Chem. Lett, 2010; 21(1):35–38.
6. Mohammad Ali Nasseri, Batolzakerinasab and Sayyedekamayestani, “proficient Procedure for Preparation of Quinoline Derivatives Catalyzed by NbCl5 in Glycerol as Green Solvent”, Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2014; 2015:7.
7. Hegedus A, Hell Z, Vargadi T, Potor A and Gresits I, “A new, simple synthesis of 1,2-dihydroquinolines via cyclocondensation using zeolite catalyst”, Catalys is Letters, 2007; 117:99-101.
8. Abbas teimouri and Alirezanajafichermahini, “A mild and highly efficient Friedländer synthesis of quinolines in the presence of heterogeneous solid acid nano-catalyst”, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2016; 9:433-439.
9. Cho C S and Ren W X, “A recyclable palladium-catalyzed modified Friedländerquinoline synthesis”, J. Organomet. Chem., 2007; 692:4182- 4186.
10. Zhou T, Lin J and Chen Z, “A convenient synthesis of quinolones via ionic liquid-catalysed Friedlander annulations”, Letters in Organic Chemistry, 2008; 5:47-50.
11. Bharathkumar H, Mohan C D, Ananda H, Fuchs J E, Li F, Rangappa S, Surender M, Bulusu K C, Girish K S, Sethi G, Bender A, Basappa, and Rangappa K S, “Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Cytotoxic Studies of Novel Estrogen Receptor α Ligands towards Human Breast Cancer Cells”, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett, 2015; 25(8):1804–1807.
12. Jampilek J, Musiol R, Pesko M, Kralova K, Vejsova M, Carroll J, Coffey A, Finster J, Tabak D and Niedbala H, “Ring-substituted 4-hydroxy-1H- quinolin-2-ones: preparation and biological activity”, Molecules, 2009; 14:1145-1159.
13. Zolfigol M A, Salehi P, Ghaderi A, Shiri M and Tanbakouchian Z, “An eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of polysubstitutedquinolines under aqueous media”, J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem., 2006; 259:253-258.
14. Muscia G C, Bollini M, Carnevale J P, Bruno A M and Asís S E, “Microwave-Assisted Friedländer Synthesis of Quinolines Derivatives as Potential Antiparasitic Agent”, Tetrahedron Lett, 2006; 47(50):8811-8815.
15. Chaudhuri M K and Hussain S, “An Efficient Synthesis of Quinolines under Solvent-Free Conditions”, J. Chem. Sci., 2006; 118(2): 199-202.
16. Zhang L, Wu B, Zhou Y, Xia J, Zhou S and Wang S, “Rare-Earth Metal Chlorides Catalyzed One-Pot Syntheses of Quinolines under Solvent-Free Microwave Irradiation Conditions”, Chin. J. Chem, 2013; 31(4):465-471.
17. Bhatt H G, Agrawal Y K and Patel M J, “Amino- and Fluoro-Substituted Quinoline-4-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: MWI Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Apoptotic DNA Fragmentation and Molecular Docking Studies”, Med. Chem. Res, 2015; 24(4):1662-1671.
18. Safari J, Banitaba S H and Samiei S S, “Early Surgical Decompression Restores Neurovascular Blood Flow and Ischemic Parameters in an in Vivo Animal Model of Nerve Compression Injury”, J. Chem. Sci, 2009; 121:481- 484.
19. Anvar S, Mohammadpoor-Baltork T, Tanges taninejad S, Moghadam M, Mirkhani V, Khosropour A R and Kia R, “Efficient and environmentally- benign three-component synthesis of quinolines and bis-quinolines catalyzed by recyclable potassium dodecatungs to cobaltatetri hydrate under microwave irradiation”, RSC Adv, 2012; 2:8713-8720.
20. Gogoi S, Shekarrao K, Duarah A, Bora T C and Boruah R C, Microwave- assisted palladium mediated efficient synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b] pyridines, pyrazolo[3,4-b] quinolines, pyrazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidines and pyrazolo [1,5- a] quinazolines”, RSC Adv, 2012; 77:1438-1445.
21. Ranu B C, Hajra A and Jana U, “A simple and green procedure for the synthesis of N, N'-disubstitutedthioureas on the surface of alumina under microwave irradiation”, Tetrahedron Letter, 2000; 41:531-533.
22. Kulkarni A and Torok B, “Microwave-assisted multicomponent domino cyclization–aromatization: an efficient approach for the synthesis of substituted quinolines”, Green Chem, 2010; 12:875-878.
23. Praveen C, DheenKumar X P, Muralidharan and Perumal P T, “Synthesis, antimicrobial and antioxidant evaluation of quinolines and bis (indolyl) methanes”, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010; 20:7292-7296.
24. Prakash Naik H R, BhojyaNaik H S, RavikumarNaik T R, Aravinda T and Lamani T S, “TiO2 Nanopowder Catalyzed Microwave-Induced One- Pot Synthesis of Novel Quinoline/Benzo[h]quinoline3-carbonitrile Under Solvent Free Conditions”, Phosphorus, Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem., 2009; 184:2109-2114.
25. Reddy T R, Reddy L S, Reddy G R, Yarbagi K, Lingappa Y, Rambabu D, Krishna G R, Reddy C M, Kumar K S and Pal M, “Construction of a quinoline ring via a 3-component reaction in water: crystal structure analysis and H-bonding patterns of a 2-aryl quinoline”, Green Chem., 2012, 14, 1870—1872.
26. Nagendrappa G, “Applied Clay Science”, Science Direct, 2011; 53:106- 138.
27. Jida M and Deprez B, “Friedländer synthesis of polysubstitute dquinolines and naphthyridines promoted by propylphosphonic anhydride (T3P®) under mild conditions”, New J. Chem., 2012; 36:869.
28. Hosseini Sarvari M, “Synthesis of quinolines using Nano-Flake ZnO as a new catalyst under solvent-free conditions”, Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society, 2011; 8:119-128.
29. Bryson T A, Gibson J M, Stewart J J, Voegtle H, Tiwari A, Dawson J H, Marley W and Harmon B, “Synthesis of quinolines, pyridine ligands and biological probes in green media”, Green Chemistry, 2003; 5:177-180.
30. Vu A T, Cohn S T, Manas E S, Harris H A and Mewshaw R E, “ERbeta ligands Part 4: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of 2- phenylquinoline derivatives”, PubMed, 2005; 15:4520-4525.
31. A. Hasaninejad, M. Shekouhy and A. Zare , “Silicananoparticlesefficiently catalyzed synthesis of quinolines and quinoxalines”, Catalsis Science Technology, 2012; 2:201-214.
32. H. Zhu, R. F. Yang, L. H. Yun and J. Li, “Metal-free synthesis of quinolines by direct condensation of amides with alkynes: revelation of N- aryl nitrilium intermediates by 2D NMR techniques”, Chin. Chem. Lett., 2010; 21:35-38.
33. Shi-Ben Wang, Xian-Qing Deng, Yan Zheng, Hong-Jian Zhang and Zhe- Shan Quan, “Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity evaluation of 8-alkoxy-5- (4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) quinoline derivatives”, Arch. Pharm. Res, 2013; 36:32-40.
34. Yong-Feng Guan, Xiu-Juan Liu, Xin-Ying Yuan, Wen-Bo Liu, Yin-Ru Li, Guang-Xi Yu, Xin-Yi Tian, Yan-Bing Zhang, Jian Song, Wen Li and Sai- Yang Zhang, “Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity Studies of Novel Quinoline-Chalcone Derivatives”, Molecules, 2021; 26:4899.
35. MaciejSerda, Robert Musiol, Jaroslaw and Polanski, “New thiosemicarbazones based on quinoline scaffold as anticancer iron chelators”, University of Silesia Institute of Chemistry Szkolna, 9; 40-007.
36. Nithyanantham, Muruganantham, Ramaiah, Sivakumar, Navaneetharaman, Anbalagan, Vedachalam, Gunasekaran, and Joseph Thomas Leonard, “Synthesis, anticonvulsant and antihypertensive activities of 8-Substituted Quinoline Derivatives”, Biol. Pharm. Bul, 2004; 27(10):1683-1687.
37. Halikar N K, Jagtap P R, Vartale S P, “Green Synthetic Approach and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Novel Pyrimido[1,2-a] quinoline derivatives”,International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2022; 9(8):117-121.
38. Jamshed Iqbal, Syeda Abida Ejaz, Imtiaz Khan, Elina Ausekle, Mariia Miliutina and Peter Langer, “Exploration of quinolone and quinolone derivatives as potential anticancer agents”, DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019; 27:613-626.
39. Mukherjee S and Pal M, “Medicinal chemistry of quinolines as emerging anti-inflammatory: an overview”, Current medicinal chemistry, 2013; 20:4386-4410.
40. Sumesh Eswaran, Airody Vasudeva Adhikari, Nishith Pal K and Imran Chowdhury H, "Design and synthesis of some new quinoline-3- carbohydrazone derivatives as potential antimycobacterial agents”, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2010; 20:1040-1044.
41. Nithyanantham, Muruganantham, Ramaiah, Sivakumar, Navaneetharaman, Anbalagan, Vedachalam, Gunasekaran and Joseph Thomas Leonard, “Synthesis, Anticonvulsant and Antihypertensive Activities of 8-Substituted Quinoline Derivatives”, Biol. Pharm. Bull, 2004; 27(10):1683-1687
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Nov 16, 2023
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Valarmathy Joshua, Shalini.S, Janapriya.S, Bharath Kumar. R, Veeraselvam.S, Manickkvasagam.A, Sam Solomon. W. D, & Samuel Joshua.L. (2023). BENIGN AND PROFICIENT PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION OF QUINOLINE DERIVATIVES. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(18), 3002–3017. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.3689
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Author Biographies
Valarmathy Joshua
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India.
Shalini.S
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India
Janapriya.S
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India.
Bharath Kumar. R
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India
Veeraselvam.S
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India
Manickkvasagam.A
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India
Sam Solomon. W. D
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, PPG College of Pharmacy, Sathyamangalam Main road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore - 641035, Tamilnadu, India
Samuel Joshua.L
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Krishnagiri main road, Periyanahalli, Dharmapuri-635205, Tamilnadu, India