THE BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AMYLOID BETA AND TAU PROTEIN DYNAMICS – UNDERSTANDING THE MOLECULES IMPLICATED IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Abstract

Introduction: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder that poses a growing global health challenge as our population ages.

Objectives: The basic aim of the study is to find the biochemical pathways of alzheimer’s disease amyloid beta and tau protein dynamics.

Material and methods: This research study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate the biochemical pathways associated with Alzheimer's Disease, specifically focusing on amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau protein dynamics. A total of 80 participants were recruited for this study.  Participants underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, including medical history, physical examination, and review of medical records. To assess cognitive function and disease severity, standardized neuropsychological tests were administered, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), and other relevant cognitive assessments.

Results: Data was collected from 80 patients of AD. Mean age of the patients was 75.2 ± 6.1 years. There were 36 male and 44 female patients. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed that the average Aβ42 concentration was 150 pg/mL (SD = 25) among participants. Tau protein levels in CSF averaged 550 pg/mL (SD = 100). Notably, there was a significant negative correlation between Aβ42 levels and MMSE scores (r = -0.45, p < 0.001), indicating that lower Aβ42 concentrations were associated with more severe cognitive impairment.

Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a significant association between Aβ and tau protein dynamics, biomarker levels, brain imaging findings, and cognitive impairment. These results contribute to our understanding of Alzheimer's Disease pathophysiology and have implications for future research and potential interventions in this devastating condition.