Comparative evaluation on the behaviour and anxiety of children using two rubbber dam systems- A pilot study
Main Article Content
Keywords
Rubberdam, anxiety, behaviour, Optradam, isolation
Abstract
Introduction: For isolating the operative field during clinical dental treatments, rubber dams are recommended. Paediatric dentists frequently omit the rubber dam because their young patients refuse to comply or because they believe it would induce stress.
Materials and method: Twenty primary mandibular molars from 10 children between the ages of 6 to 9 requiring endodontic procedures were included and either conventional rubber dam or an optradam were placed. The objective and subjective signs of anxiety and behviour of the child were assessed during placement and removal of the rubber dam.
Results: The time taken for placement of Optradam was longer than the conventional rubber dam.The pvalue was > 0.05 hence the time taken for the placement of the conventional rubber dam is significantly lesser when compared to the optradam. The comparison of the FLACC, VAS and Frankl scores had a pvalue<0.05, hence there was no difference in the behaviour or anxiety of the children druing placement and removal of the two rubber dam systems.
Conclusion: The usage of the types of rubber dams didnot affect the behaviour and anxiety levels of children. Rubber dams provide a superior and efficient treatment for the patient as well as the operator
References
1. Abrams, R. A., C. W. Drake, and H. Segal. 1982. “Dr. Sanford C. Barnum and the Invention of the Rubber Dam.” General Dentistry 30 (4): 320–22.
2. Al-Ahmadi, Abbas O., Ali A. Assiry, Siraj D. A. A. Khan, Anand Marya, Adith Venugopal, and Mohmed Isaqali Karobari. 2021. “Use of a Modified Nance Appliance for Esthetic Rehabilitation of a Child Patient with Rare Nonfamilial and Nonsyndromic Oligodontia.” Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (July): 5444257.
3. Ammann, Patricia, Andreas Kolb, Adrian Lussi, and Rainer Seemann. 2013. “Influence of Rubber Dam on Objective and Subjective Parameters of Stress during Dental Treatment of Children and Adolescents - a Randomized Controlled Clinical Pilot Study.” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children 23 (2): 110–15.
4. Christen, A. G. 1977. “Sanford C. Barnum, Discoverer of the Rubber Dam.” Bulletin of the History of Dentistry 25 (1): 3–9.
5. Cochran, Michael A., Chris H. Miller, and Margie A. Sheldrake. 1989. “The Efficacy of the Rubber Dam as a Barrier to the Spread of Microorganisms during Dental Treatment.” The
Journal of the American Dental Association 119 (1): 141–44.
6. Desai, Karishma, and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Dentist’s Preference Of Brushing Technique Taught To Children With Mixed Dentition.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4531–34.
7. Feierabend, S. A., J. Matt, and B. Klaiber. 2011. “A Comparison of Conventional and New Rubber Dam Systems in Dental Practice.” Operative Dentistry 36 (3): 243–50.
8. Ganapathy, Dhanraj, Sivesh Sangar, and Hemavathy Muralidoss. 2021. “Fear Of Dental Extraction.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (05): 2470–73.
9. Govindaraju, Lavanya, Emg Subramanian, and Ganesh Jeevanandan. 2021. “Comparing the Influence of Conventional and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques on the Behavior of the Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 14 (Suppl 2): S179–85.
10. G, Shashirekha, Amit Jena, Asim Bikash Maity, and Pankaj Kumar Panda. 2014. “Prevalence of Rubber Dam Usage during Endodontic Procedure: A Questionnaire Survey.” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR 8 (6): ZC01–03.
11. Jaju, Krishna Kanth, and Iffat Nasim. 2021. “Anaesthetic Efficacy Of Alternative Local Anaesthesia Techniques In Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis-A Systematic Review.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (6): 2833–40.
12. Kotian, Niharika, Geo Mani, and Mahesh Ramakrishnan. 2021. “Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents in Controlling Pain during Intraoral Local Anesthetic Administration in Children: A Split-Mouth Triple-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.” International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 14 (2): 180–82.
13. Kumar, S. L., Z. Naik, and A. Panwar. n.d. “Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Their Correlation with Gender, Anxiety, and Depression in Dental Students− A Cross-Sectional Study.” Journal of Indian Academy of Dental Specialist Researchers.
14. Moorthi, Ruubini Kasava, and M. P. Kumar. 2019. “Pre And Post-Operative Anxiety In Patients Undergoing Dental Extractions.” International Journal of Clinical Dentistry 12 (2). https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=19395833&AN=136102759&h=aQUgPggywykP4gbOPYykDQCu48Eggh0QT8eRCELQMftMfdTpBCSzxzTljUw8LNeH4mQpJbyRQuKlKgI81u8YqA%3D%3D&crl=c.
15. Nasser, Ali. 2021. “Rubber Dam Isolation - When and Why to Use It? Part 1.” BDJ Student 28 (2): 40–41.
16. Naveenaa, N., and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Commonly Treated Teeth With Silver Diamine Fluoride Among Children.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4519–22.
17. Obadiah, I., and D. Gurunathan. 2019. “Effect of Audiovisual Distraction on Behaviour and Anxiety of Children During Induction of General Anesthesia: A Randomized Control Study.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. S. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Deepa-Gurunathan/publication/357557813_Effect_of_Audiovisual_Distraction_on_Behaviour_and_Anxiety_of_Children_During_Induction_of_General_Anesthesia_A_Randomized_Control_Study/links/61e2ba498d338833e36ee1a6/Effect-of-Audiovisual-Distraction-on-Behaviour-and-Anxiety-of-Children-During-Induction-of-General-Anesthesia-A-Randomized-Control-Study.pdf.
18. “Originator of the Rubber Dam. Sanford Christie Barnum, D.D.S.” 1970. Dental Radiography and Photography 43 (4): 82 passim.
19. Padmaja, S., and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Caries Prevalence Among Children Treated With Silver Diamine Fluoride.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4460–64.
20. Patel, Shanon, and Samantha Hamer. 2021. “A Simple Guide to Using Dental Dam.” British Dental Journal 230 (10): 644–50.
21. Pol, Sanmati, Farhin Katge, Vamsi Krishna, Pooja Balgi, and Debapriya Pradhan. 2018. “Effect of Rubber Dam on Objective and Subjective Parameters of Stress during Dental Treatment of Children.” Indian Journal of Oral Health and Research 4 (1): 16.
22. Pradeep, Onteru, Ruthika Shivajirao Patil, Shilpa Susan Sojin, Ch Priyanka Reddy, R. Sanjay Adarsh, and Pritee Rajkumar Pandey. 2022. “Knowledge And Attitude About Rubber Dam Usage In Undergraduate Students: An Original Research.” Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, December, 4501–7.
23. Samuel, Srinivasan R., Syed Kuduruthullah, Al Moutassem B. Khair, Maher Al Shayeb, Abed Elkaseh, and Sudhir R. Varma. 2021. “Dental Pain, Parental SARS-CoV-2 Fear and Distress on Quality of Life of 2 to 6 Year-Old Children during COVID-19.” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children 31 (3): 436–41.
24. Santhosh Kumar, M. P. 2022. “Infection Control And Oral Surgery Practice During The Covid-19 Pandemic.” International Journal of Clinical Dentistry 15 (3). https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=19395833&AN=159874532&h=AjBQs%2BHbINciuD%2BJHk%2BVaLuITWUTMXRKApQelASpnvRT4V0LbI3l5BVTfSo55eGsOcd5zQC09zKxwqWlr8%2BoCw%3D%3D&crl=c.
25. Selvi, V. T. Thamarai, and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Commonly Treated Mandibular Teeth With Preventive Resin Restoration In Children With Permanent Dentition.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4490–94.
26. Seshadri, Purnima, and Pratibha Ramani. 2021. “Salivary Cortisol: A Marker of Anxiety in Response to Different Dental Treatment Procedures: A Cross Sectional Study.” Journal of International Oral Health 13 (2): 129.
27. Vanhée, Tania, Chloé Tassignon, Pierre Porta, Peter Bottenberg, Thierry Charles, and Astrid Vanden Abbeele. 2021. “Behavior of Children during Dental Care with Rubber Dam Isolation: A Randomized Controlled Study.” Dental Journal 9 (8). https://doi.org/10.3390/dj9080089.
28. Vishnu, P., R. Mahesh, P. D. Madan Kumar, and N. Sharna. 2021. “Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Children with Sensory Deficits in Chennai, India-A Cross-Sectional Study.” Indian Journal of Dental Research: Official Publication of Indian Society for Dental Research 32 (2): 236–42.
29. Zou, Huiru, Yanni Li, Xiaoli Lian, Yan Yan, Xiaohua Dai, and Guanhua Wang. 2016. “Frequency and Influencing Factors of Rubber Dam Usage in Tianjin: A Questionnaire Survey.” International Journal of Dentistry 2016 (July): 7383212.
2. Al-Ahmadi, Abbas O., Ali A. Assiry, Siraj D. A. A. Khan, Anand Marya, Adith Venugopal, and Mohmed Isaqali Karobari. 2021. “Use of a Modified Nance Appliance for Esthetic Rehabilitation of a Child Patient with Rare Nonfamilial and Nonsyndromic Oligodontia.” Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (July): 5444257.
3. Ammann, Patricia, Andreas Kolb, Adrian Lussi, and Rainer Seemann. 2013. “Influence of Rubber Dam on Objective and Subjective Parameters of Stress during Dental Treatment of Children and Adolescents - a Randomized Controlled Clinical Pilot Study.” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children 23 (2): 110–15.
4. Christen, A. G. 1977. “Sanford C. Barnum, Discoverer of the Rubber Dam.” Bulletin of the History of Dentistry 25 (1): 3–9.
5. Cochran, Michael A., Chris H. Miller, and Margie A. Sheldrake. 1989. “The Efficacy of the Rubber Dam as a Barrier to the Spread of Microorganisms during Dental Treatment.” The
Journal of the American Dental Association 119 (1): 141–44.
6. Desai, Karishma, and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Dentist’s Preference Of Brushing Technique Taught To Children With Mixed Dentition.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4531–34.
7. Feierabend, S. A., J. Matt, and B. Klaiber. 2011. “A Comparison of Conventional and New Rubber Dam Systems in Dental Practice.” Operative Dentistry 36 (3): 243–50.
8. Ganapathy, Dhanraj, Sivesh Sangar, and Hemavathy Muralidoss. 2021. “Fear Of Dental Extraction.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (05): 2470–73.
9. Govindaraju, Lavanya, Emg Subramanian, and Ganesh Jeevanandan. 2021. “Comparing the Influence of Conventional and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques on the Behavior of the Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial.” International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 14 (Suppl 2): S179–85.
10. G, Shashirekha, Amit Jena, Asim Bikash Maity, and Pankaj Kumar Panda. 2014. “Prevalence of Rubber Dam Usage during Endodontic Procedure: A Questionnaire Survey.” Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR 8 (6): ZC01–03.
11. Jaju, Krishna Kanth, and Iffat Nasim. 2021. “Anaesthetic Efficacy Of Alternative Local Anaesthesia Techniques In Patients With Irreversible Pulpitis-A Systematic Review.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (6): 2833–40.
12. Kotian, Niharika, Geo Mani, and Mahesh Ramakrishnan. 2021. “Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents in Controlling Pain during Intraoral Local Anesthetic Administration in Children: A Split-Mouth Triple-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.” International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 14 (2): 180–82.
13. Kumar, S. L., Z. Naik, and A. Panwar. n.d. “Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders and Their Correlation with Gender, Anxiety, and Depression in Dental Students− A Cross-Sectional Study.” Journal of Indian Academy of Dental Specialist Researchers.
14. Moorthi, Ruubini Kasava, and M. P. Kumar. 2019. “Pre And Post-Operative Anxiety In Patients Undergoing Dental Extractions.” International Journal of Clinical Dentistry 12 (2). https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=19395833&AN=136102759&h=aQUgPggywykP4gbOPYykDQCu48Eggh0QT8eRCELQMftMfdTpBCSzxzTljUw8LNeH4mQpJbyRQuKlKgI81u8YqA%3D%3D&crl=c.
15. Nasser, Ali. 2021. “Rubber Dam Isolation - When and Why to Use It? Part 1.” BDJ Student 28 (2): 40–41.
16. Naveenaa, N., and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Commonly Treated Teeth With Silver Diamine Fluoride Among Children.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4519–22.
17. Obadiah, I., and D. Gurunathan. 2019. “Effect of Audiovisual Distraction on Behaviour and Anxiety of Children During Induction of General Anesthesia: A Randomized Control Study.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. S. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Deepa-Gurunathan/publication/357557813_Effect_of_Audiovisual_Distraction_on_Behaviour_and_Anxiety_of_Children_During_Induction_of_General_Anesthesia_A_Randomized_Control_Study/links/61e2ba498d338833e36ee1a6/Effect-of-Audiovisual-Distraction-on-Behaviour-and-Anxiety-of-Children-During-Induction-of-General-Anesthesia-A-Randomized-Control-Study.pdf.
18. “Originator of the Rubber Dam. Sanford Christie Barnum, D.D.S.” 1970. Dental Radiography and Photography 43 (4): 82 passim.
19. Padmaja, S., and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Caries Prevalence Among Children Treated With Silver Diamine Fluoride.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4460–64.
20. Patel, Shanon, and Samantha Hamer. 2021. “A Simple Guide to Using Dental Dam.” British Dental Journal 230 (10): 644–50.
21. Pol, Sanmati, Farhin Katge, Vamsi Krishna, Pooja Balgi, and Debapriya Pradhan. 2018. “Effect of Rubber Dam on Objective and Subjective Parameters of Stress during Dental Treatment of Children.” Indian Journal of Oral Health and Research 4 (1): 16.
22. Pradeep, Onteru, Ruthika Shivajirao Patil, Shilpa Susan Sojin, Ch Priyanka Reddy, R. Sanjay Adarsh, and Pritee Rajkumar Pandey. 2022. “Knowledge And Attitude About Rubber Dam Usage In Undergraduate Students: An Original Research.” Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, December, 4501–7.
23. Samuel, Srinivasan R., Syed Kuduruthullah, Al Moutassem B. Khair, Maher Al Shayeb, Abed Elkaseh, and Sudhir R. Varma. 2021. “Dental Pain, Parental SARS-CoV-2 Fear and Distress on Quality of Life of 2 to 6 Year-Old Children during COVID-19.” International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children 31 (3): 436–41.
24. Santhosh Kumar, M. P. 2022. “Infection Control And Oral Surgery Practice During The Covid-19 Pandemic.” International Journal of Clinical Dentistry 15 (3). https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=19395833&AN=159874532&h=AjBQs%2BHbINciuD%2BJHk%2BVaLuITWUTMXRKApQelASpnvRT4V0LbI3l5BVTfSo55eGsOcd5zQC09zKxwqWlr8%2BoCw%3D%3D&crl=c.
25. Selvi, V. T. Thamarai, and Vignesh Ravindran. 2021. “Evaluation Of Commonly Treated Mandibular Teeth With Preventive Resin Restoration In Children With Permanent Dentition.” Int J Dentistry Oral Sci 8 (9): 4490–94.
26. Seshadri, Purnima, and Pratibha Ramani. 2021. “Salivary Cortisol: A Marker of Anxiety in Response to Different Dental Treatment Procedures: A Cross Sectional Study.” Journal of International Oral Health 13 (2): 129.
27. Vanhée, Tania, Chloé Tassignon, Pierre Porta, Peter Bottenberg, Thierry Charles, and Astrid Vanden Abbeele. 2021. “Behavior of Children during Dental Care with Rubber Dam Isolation: A Randomized Controlled Study.” Dental Journal 9 (8). https://doi.org/10.3390/dj9080089.
28. Vishnu, P., R. Mahesh, P. D. Madan Kumar, and N. Sharna. 2021. “Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Children with Sensory Deficits in Chennai, India-A Cross-Sectional Study.” Indian Journal of Dental Research: Official Publication of Indian Society for Dental Research 32 (2): 236–42.
29. Zou, Huiru, Yanni Li, Xiaoli Lian, Yan Yan, Xiaohua Dai, and Guanhua Wang. 2016. “Frequency and Influencing Factors of Rubber Dam Usage in Tianjin: A Questionnaire Survey.” International Journal of Dentistry 2016 (July): 7383212.
Article Sidebar
Published
May 13, 2023
Article Details
How to Cite
Nikitha Suzanne Varghese, & Lavanya Govindaraju. (2023). Comparative evaluation on the behaviour and anxiety of children using two rubbber dam systems- A pilot study. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(10), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.10.010
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.