CORRELATION OF TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND HYSTEROSCOPY FINDINGS IN WOMEN PRESENTING WITH ABNORMAL UTERINE BLEEDING: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common gynecological problem in women of reproductive and perimenopausal age group. Transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS) is widely used as a first-line investigation, while hysteroscopy remains the gold standard for direct evaluation of the uterine cavity. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between TVS and hysteroscopic findings in women presenting with AUB.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 120 women presenting with AUB. All patients underwent detailed clinical evaluation followed by transvaginal ultrasonography and diagnostic hysteroscopy. Findings of both modalities were recorded and compared. Statistical analysis was performed to assess diagnostic correlation and agreement.
Results: The most common age group was 36–45 years (43.3%). Menorrhagia was the predominant symptom (53.3%). On TVS, endometrial thickening (35%) and fibroid uterus (23.3%) were most frequent findings. Hysteroscopy revealed submucous fibroid (25%), endometrial polyp (21.7%), and endometrial hyperplasia (18.3%) as common abnormalities. Overall, hysteroscopy detected more focal intrauterine lesions compared to TVS. The overall agreement between TVS and hysteroscopy was good with Cohen’s kappa value of 0.71.
Conclusion: TVS is an effective non-invasive first-line screening tool for AUB, but hysteroscopy provides superior diagnostic accuracy for intrauterine pathology. A combined approach improves diagnostic precision and clinical management.