CLINICO-DERMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VULVAR DERMATOSES IN WOMEN ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background: Vulvar dermatoses comprise a diverse group of infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, pigmentary, and neoplastic disorders affecting the female genitalia. These conditions often present with symptoms such as pruritus, burning sensation, pain, and dyspareunia, significantly affecting the quality of life of affected women. Despite their clinical importance, vulvar dermatoses remain underdiagnosed due to social stigma, delayed healthcare-seeking behavior, and overlapping clinical presentations.

Aim To evaluate the clinico-dermatological profile of vulvar dermatoses in women attending a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study included 100 women diagnosed with vulvar dermatoses. Detailed demographic information, clinical history, symptomatology, lesion morphology, anatomical site involvement, and clinical diagnosis were recorded using a predesigned proforma. Relevant laboratory investigations and histopathological examination were performed whenever indicated. Data were analyzed using appropriate descriptive statistical methods.

Results The majority of patients belonged to the 21–30 years age group (28%), and 76% were married. Pruritus was the most common presenting symptom (78%), followed by burning sensation (42%) and vaginal discharge (34%). Vulvovaginal candidiasis was the most common diagnosis (24%), followed by lichen simplex chronicus (18%), contact dermatitis (14%), and lichen sclerosus (12%). Erythematous plaques were the most frequently observed morphological lesion (30%), while the labia majora was the most commonly involved anatomical site (42%).

Conclusion Vulvar dermatoses are common disorders affecting women of various age groups, with infectious and inflammatory conditions constituting the majority of cases. Pruritus remains the predominant presenting complaint. Early diagnosis through detailed clinical examination and appropriate investigations is essential for effective management and prevention of complications. Increased awareness among clinicians and patients can facilitate timely intervention and improve patient outcomes.