EVALUATING MEDICATION COMPLIANCE IN INDIVIDUALS MANAGING TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that demands lifelong treatment and lifestyle modification. Despite the availability of effective pharmacological therapies, maintaining optimal glycaemic control remains a challenge for many patients due to poor adherence to prescribed medications. Non-compliance contributes significantly to disease progression, complications, and increased healthcare costs. Understanding the extent and reasons for medication non-adherence is therefore essential for improving patient outcomes and designing effective intervention strategies.

Aims & Objectives: This study is aimed at evaluating the medication compliance and adherence levels of patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Methods: A total of 183 participants, comprising 95 males and 88 females, diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were provided the Morisky 8-item medication questionnaire to assess medication adherence, categorised as low, medium, or high. Additionally, awareness of the disease and reasons for compliance or non-compliance were evaluated. Categorical data was analysed using chi-square test.

Results: Among the participants, 68.4% of patients were aware of their prescribed medications, 81% were aware of the correct dosage and administration method, 87% were informed about the frequency of medication intake, 81% were aware of precautions, and 79% recognised the importance of medication compliance. However, 37 participants discontinued their prescribed medications, and 31 ceased treatment due to adverse effects. Medication adherence levels were categorised as high (12%), medium (29%), and low (59%), with significant differences (p<0.05). The most common reasons for non-adherence were forgetfulness (38%), high medication costs (28%), lack of awareness about the necessity (25%), and misconceptions (9%), with non-significant differences (p>0.05).