PREVALENCE OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH RENAL COMPLICATIONS AND COMMUNITY PRACTICES
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Keywords
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, MDR-TB, renal complications, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, community practices, treatment adherence, Pakistan
Abstract
Background: To determine the prevalence of MDR-TB and its association with renal complications and community practices in patients presenting to Gomal Medical College and its affiliated hospital.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to January 2025, enrolling 72 microbiologically confirmed TB patients through consecutive sampling. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured proforma. GeneXpert and sputum smear results were recorded to confirm rifampicin resistance. Renal function was assessed using serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urinalysis. Community practices were evaluated through structured interviews. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 26, using chi-square tests to assess associations. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of MDR-TB was 44.4%. Renal complications were observed in 22.2% of patients, including acute kidney injury (8.3%) and chronic kidney disease (13.9%). Renal dysfunction was significantly higher in MDR-TB cases (p=0.01). Poor adherence to therapy (31.9%), self-medication (27.8%), and inadequate household ventilation (55.6%) were strongly associated with MDR-TB status (p<0.05).
Conclusion: MDR-TB prevalence was high and strongly linked to renal complications and suboptimal community practices. Integrating renal monitoring into MDR-TB programs and strengthening community-based adherence support may help improve outcomes.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Muhammad Imran Ullah
Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Gomal Medical College - MTI, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Sumbul Naseem
Senior Lecturer, Department of Pharmacology, Abbottabad International Medical Institute, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Umar Alim
Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Saidu Medical College, Swat, Pakistan
Muhammad Shaukat
Assistant Professor of Nephrology, Department of Nephrology, Gomal Medical College & DHQ Teaching Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Juneda Sarfraz
Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Zubeda Irshad
Assistant Professor (Microbiology), Department of Pathology, Burns and Plastic Surgery Center MTI Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan