PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS AMONG PATIENTS AT KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
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Keywords
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, prevalence, risk factors, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) remains a major public health challenge in Pakistan, contributing to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare burden. The emergence of resistance to both isoniazid and rifampicin limits treatment options and demands timely detection and effective management strategies.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with MDR-TB among patients presenting to Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad.
Material and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February, 2021 to July, 2021 at Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan. A total of 86 patients with confirmed pulmonary TB were included using consecutive sampling. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay and culture methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with chi-square tests applied to determine associations, and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Among 86 patients, 31 (36.05%) had MDR-TB. The prevalence was highest in the 31–50-year age group (53.5%). Previous TB treatment (p < 0.001), contact with a known TB case (p = 0.003), rural residence (p = 0.021), and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.046) were significantly associated with MDR-TB.
Conclusion: MDR-TB prevalence in this tertiary care setting is alarmingly high, especially among previously treated patients. Targeted prevention, early molecular diagnosis, strict treatment adherence, and integrated comorbidity management are urgently required to curb the spread.
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Dr. Muhammad Salman Khan
Postgraduate Resident Physician (FCPS Medicine) Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad, Pakistan
Dr. Hassan Ejaz
Postgraduate Resident (FCPS Medicine), Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Abbottabad, Pakistan.
Dr. Sher Alam Khan
Postgraduate Resident (FCPS Paediatrics), Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Abbottabad, Pakistan.