RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS AND ORAL HEALTH STATUS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Oral health status, mucosal lesions, and dry mouth.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Type 2 diabetes is among the most prevalent endocrine disruptors. One of the most significant symptoms reported by diabetic patients is dry mouth, which results in reduced saliva buffering capacity and an increased risk of dental caries. So, the purpose of this study was to compare the oral health indicators of type 2 diabetic patients with non-diabetic controls.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, A total of 306 individuals included in the study (103 T2DM cases and 203 non-diabetic controls) in the age range of 40 to 60 years old. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire including socio-demographics and oral health related to dry mouth factors. The clinical examination included full-mouth probing depths and an assessment of oral mucosal conditions and to identify any mucosal lesions. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software with a significance level set at 5%.
Results: The patients had more probing depths > 4 mm, tooth mobility, furcation involvement and missing teeth. The mean score of dry mouth and DMFT indexes were 3.38 ± 2.64, 2.17 ± 1.09 and 19.33 ± 9.54, 15.48 ± 6.93 in the case and control groups respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and their 95% confidence Intervals (CI) reported a significant association as 2.96 (1.36–6.45), 5.90 (2.26–15.39), 0.23 (0.08–0.63) and 4.07 (1.74–9.49) for the above variables respectively.
Conclusion: Overall, the results of this study highlight that chronic periodontitis, tooth mobility, furcation and involvement were more prevalent among T2DM patients compared to non-diabetic controls. By recognizing these relationships and implementing targeted interventions, healthcare providers can improve oral health outcomes.
Highlights: The study highlights the need for healthcare providers to prioritize the assessment and management of oral health complications in patients with T2DM. By implementing routine screenings, providing appropriate treatment, and educating patients on the importance of oral hygiene, healthcare professionals can help mitigate the impact of oral health issues on the overall well-being of individuals with diabetes. Additionally, public health interventions aimed at raising awareness about the oral health challenges faced by patients with T2DM can contribute to improving their quality of life and preventing potential complications.
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Dr. Vidisha Punetha
Govt Doon Medical College and Hospital, Dehradun
Dr. Kumar Jee Kaul
Govt Doon Medical College and Hospital, Dehradun