TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF THE POSTOPERATIVE SORE THROAT IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGERIES UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA WITH ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE
Main Article Content
Keywords
Endotracheal tube, Body mass index (BMI), cuff pressure, expertise.
Abstract
Background: In general anaesthesia, there is an increased risk of postoperative morbidity due to tracheal intubation. One of the most common, uncomfortable, and unpleasant sequelae is postoperative sore throat. Reducing the risk of postoperative sore throat is important for improving patient outcomes.
Objective: To assess the incidence and factors associated with postoperative sore throat among patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation.
Methodology: Patients’ age, sex, weight, endotracheal tube (ETT) size, and the number of intubation attempts were recorded. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between independent variables and the outcome. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 4,376 patients were included in the study. The incidence of postoperative sore throat within 24 hours after surgery was 43.78%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified several significant risk factors for postoperative sore throat: Age over 60 years (Incidence: 81.20%, AOR: 4.32, CI: 3.88–4.80, p < 0.01),Female sex (Incidence: 57.13%, AOR: 1.33, CI: 1.21–1.47, p < 0.001),Body mass index (BMI) of 25.5–30 kg/m² (Incidence: 77.92%, AOR: 3.53, CI: 3.15–3.94, p < 0.002),Large ETT size (≥ 8.0 mm) (Incidence: 74.70%, AOR: 2.87, CI: 2.52–3.25, p < 0.04),Multiple intubation attempts (Incidence: 82.20%, AOR: 4.62, CI: 4.14–5.16, p < 0.001),Intubation performed by junior residents (Incidence: 67.51%, AOR: 2.08, CI: 1.92–2.25, p < 0.0002),Duration of surgery more than 2 hours (Incidence: 78.19%, AOR: 3.58, CI: 3.20–3.99, p < 0.001),Cuff pressure of 21–25 cm H₂O (Incidence: 93.6%, AOR: 4.64, CI: 8.58–14.01, p < 0.003).
Conclusion: Patients over 60 years of age, females, and those with higher BMI are at increased risk for postoperative sore throat. The use of a larger ETT size, multiple intubation attempts, procedures performed by junior residents, longer surgery duration (> 2 hours), and higher cuff pressure (≥ 21 cm H₂O) also significantly contribute to the incidence of postoperative sore throat.
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Nishi Thawait
Department of Anesthesia, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Amit kumar
Department of Anesthesia, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Kamlesh shekhawat
Department of Anesthesia, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
Hardika Mangal
Department of Anesthesia, Pacific Institute of Medical Sciences, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India