RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Primiparity, Gestational age, Perinatal complications and Pregnancy.
Abstract
Background: Small for Gestational Age is a significant public health concern in India, contributing to increased neonatal morbidity and mortality due to increased risks of perinatal complications and adverse long-term health outcomes. This study was conducted to identify risk factors associated with SGA. Methods: A hospital based case control study was conducted in Private Medical college and Hospital, Chennai, India, with a sample size of 120 pregnant women delivering babies in the hospital. Data was collected through pretested questionnaire regarding maternal characteristics, obstetric history, and pregnancy complications. Results: The study identified low maternal weight gain (OR: 1.821, p=0.024), primiparity (OR: 1.038, p=0.032), pregnancy-induced hypertension and anemia as significant risk factors for SGA. Conclusion: The findings suggest that focused interventions on maternal nutrition, early detection and management of hypertension and anemia, and targeted support for first-time mothers could contribute to a reduction in SGA incidence, thereby improving neonatal health outcomes.
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Dr. Ramya V
Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital,
Maduravoyal, Adayalampattu, Chennai.
Dr. Divya S
Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Adayalampattu, Chennai.
Dr. Akshaya Parthasarathy KKA
Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Adayalampattu, Chennai.
Dr. Aishwarya R
Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sri Lalithambigai Medical College and Hospital, Maduravoyal, Adayalampattu, Chennai.