ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN POSTERIOR SEGMENT OCULAR PATHOLOGIES

Abstract

Background: Posterior segment ocular pathologies (PSOP) are often challenging to diagnose clinically due to the opaque nature of ocular structures. Ultrasonography (USG) provides a non-invasive, reliable imaging modality for evaluating such conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the role of ocular ultrasonography in diagnosing posterior segment pathologies.
Materials and method: The present study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at BVDU, Sangli over 18 months. A total of 58 patients suspected of having posterior segment ocular pathologies were included. Written informed consent was obtained, and the study received ethical approval. Patients were evaluated using a Philips Affinity 50 ultrasonography machine with high-frequency linear transducers (7.5–13 MHz). The ultrasonographic examination was conducted using B-mode, with dynamic imaging and Doppler added as required for further diagnostic evaluation.
Results: Among the 58 patients (38 males, 20 females), the most common clinical features were diminished vision (100%), photopsia (84%), and red hue/cobwebs in vision (22%). Diabetes mellitus (61%) and hypertension (57%) were the most frequent predisposing conditions. The vitreous (54%) and retina (47%) were the most commonly affected sites. The most frequent diagnoses on USG included retinal detachment (33%), vitreous hemorrhage (22%), and cataract with posterior vitreous detachment (14%). The accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis compared to operative findings was 100% for all conditions.
Conclusion: Ocular ultrasonography is an effective, non-invasive tool for diagnosing a wide range of posterior segment pathologies. It provides accurate and reliable results, with a high degree of concordance with operative diagnoses.