EVALUATING THE EFFICACY OF NON-SURGICAL AND SURGICAL TREATMENT MODALITIES IN ADVANCED PERIODONTAL DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
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Keywords
Periodontal disease, non-surgical therapy, surgical therapy, periodontitis, systematic review, meta-analysis, clinical attachment level, probing depth reduction
Abstract
Background: Periodontal disease exists as a common inflammatory chronic disease that causes continuous breakdown of tooth support systems. When periodontal disease advances patients require therapy methods that extend beyond standard oral care along with basic non-surgical procedures. Patients with severe periodontal disease need surgical treatment after non-surgical therapy known as scaling and root planning fails to produce satisfactory results. Professionals must conduct a thorough assessment of these methods to make better clinical choices.
Objectives: The objective of this meta-analytic systematic review analyzes the performance of non-surgical and surgical procedures in treating advanced periodontal conditions. The analysis focuses on evaluating clinical results whereby it examines probing depth reduction and clinical attachment level gains as well as long-term tooth survival statistics.
Methodology: The research team accessed PubMed and Scopus and Web of Science databases to gather studies about the topic which were published over the last twenty years. Studies that used Randomized Controlled Trials or cohort designs or meta-analytic observations of non-surgical procedures (which included scaling and root planning and antimicrobial treatments) along with surgical interventions (flap surgery and regenerative techniques) were included for evaluation. Independent data extraction by two reviewers led to the performance of a meta-analysis to measure the aggregated treatment outcome effects.
Results: The analyzed studies evaluated [insert number] patients through a total of 20 scientific reports. Deep pocket reduction measurements (PD reduction: [insert effect size], p<0.05) along with CAL gain measurements ([insert effect size], p<0.05) proved better through surgical intervention as opposed to non-surgical treatment in cases of severe periodontitis. Non-surgical therapy proved beneficial for moderate periodontitis cases because it successfully controlled inflammation while patients followed treatment plans better. When patients followed proper maintenance therapy both surgical and non-surgical approaches showed similar long-term survival rates of teeth.
Conclusion: The effectiveness of non-surgical and surgical periodontal treatments differs according to disease stage because surgical approaches give better results in severe cases. Doctors need to base the chosen treatment on disease severity levels and both patient-specific needs and potential sustainability of maintenance conditions. Future research requires extensive investigations that link patient-directed health measures to their results over long periods of time.
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Mohammed Alshawafi
Periodontist, Dubai, UAE
Dalia Emara
Senior Specialist Registrar – Orthodontist at Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE
Budoor Bin Bahar
Senior Specialist Registrar – Orthodontist at Dubai Health, Dubai, UAE
Talha Asad Khan
Operative Dentistry Department, Dental Section of Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Pakistan
Shatha R. Alkhalidy
Specialist Orthodontist, Private Clinic / Abu Dhabi, UAE
Muhammad Suffyan
Isra Dental College, Hyderabad, Pakistan
Lena Sherif Mahgoub
Gulf Medical University, Ajman
Ramla Mehak Khan
Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan
Rehab Fatima
Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan
Muhammad Zain Salman
Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistan