THE INCIDENCE OF ADVERSE EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF ANTI-PSYCHOTIC AGENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE, IN KERALA

Abstract

Background
Antipsychotic agents are essential in managing psychiatric disorders but are frequently associated with adverse events that can impact treatment adherence and patient safety. Understanding the incidence and nature of these adverse events in real-world clinical settings is crucial for optimizing pharmacotherapy.
Objective
This study aims to assess the incidence, severity, and risk factors associated with adverse events due to antipsychotic use in a tertiary care center in Kerala.
Methods
A retrospective case record analysis was conducted on patients receiving antipsychotic therapy for a period of one year. Data on demographic characteristics, medication details, and adverse event profiles were collected and analyzed. Descriptive statistics and comparative analysis were performed to evaluate adverse event patterns across different antipsychotic classes.
Results
A total of nine adverse events were identified. The most frequently reported event was Parkinsonism (33.3%), followed by Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, QT prolongation, and metabolic disturbances. Hematological and hepatic abnormalities, including bone marrow depression and deranged liver function tests, were also noted. Extrapyramidal symptoms were more commonly associated with first-generation antipsychotics, while metabolic and cardiovascular effects were observed with second-generation agents.
Conclusion
The findings underscore the need for routine pharmacovigilance and individualized risk assessment to minimize adverse effects associated with antipsychotics. Regular monitoring and early intervention strategies can enhance treatment safety and adherence, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Further prospective studies are warranted to explore genetic and pharmacokinetic influences on adverse event susceptibility.