PRELIMINARY PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF SIRISHA BARK (Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.)

Abstract

Sirisha (Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.), a medicinal plant belonging to the Fabaceae family, is widely used in Ayurveda for its detoxifying and therapeutic properties. Recognized as a potent vishaghna dravya (anti-toxic agent) in classical texts, it plays a vital role in addressing toxin-related ailments. The present study aims to establish pharmacognostic standards for Sirisha bark by evaluating its macroscopic, microscopic, and physicochemical characteristics. Parameters such as foreign matter content, moisture levels, ash values, extractive values, fiber content, sugar content, and qualitative chemical analysis were analyzed.

The macroscopic analysis of Sirisha bark revealed its rough, fissured texture with a dark brown to grayish-black outer surface and reddish-brown inner surface. Microscopic examination showed the presence of cork cells, calcium oxalate crystals, abundant sclereids and parenchymatous cells filled with starch grains. The water-soluble extractive was found to be higher than the alcohol-soluble extractive. These findings contribute to the standardization and authentication of Sirisha bark, ensuring its quality and purity for Ayurvedic formulations. Furthermore, this research lays the groundwork for future pharmacological studies, reinforcing the plant’s therapeutic significance in traditional and modern medicine.