ASSESSMENT OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AND PREVALENCE OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES IN STATE-LEVEL BASKETBALL PLAYERS -AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Cardiorespiratory fitness, Musculoskeletal injury, Basketball players, Six-Minute Walk Test, Injury prevention
Abstract
Background: State-level basketball players are exposed to extreme physical demands, leading to changes in their cardiorespiratory fitness and at-risk work-related musculoskeletal injuries. These factors are therefore of prime interest to guide effective training and prevention strategies.
Materials & Methods: This was an observational study for four months on 100 state-level basketball players. Cardiorespiratory fitness assessment was done through the Six-Minute Walk Test, commonly known as 6MWT. Acquisition of musculoskeletal injury data was done by Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Other measures included the acquisition of heart rate, blood pressure, and BMI. Descriptive statistics along with inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data.
Results: Average distances covered in the 6MWT were 484.84 meters, showing good overall cardiorespiratory fitness, though with variability among players. Musculoskeletal issues by frequency the most frequent musculoskeletal problems originated from the ankle and feet (39%) and knees (22%). A quarter of participants had suffered from physician-diagnosed ankle and foot problems in the past 12 months. Wrist/hand problems also contributed to significant functional restrictions for 12% of the players.
Conclusion: State-level basketball players generally show good cardiorespiratory fitness, but there is a high prevalence of lower extremity injuries, particularly at the ankle and feet, for which prevention and efficient rehabilitation programs should be implemented. Specific and customized training and injury management strategies would further serve to improve performance and increase their ability to play with minimal risk of injury.
References
Hellström C, Nilsson KW, Leppert J, Åslund C. Effects of adolescent online gaming time and motives on depressive, musculoskeletal, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ups J Med Sci. 2015;120(4):263-275. doi:10.3109/03009734.2015.1049724
2. Aptel M. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb. Published online 2002.
3. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
4. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
5. Minniti MC, Statkevich AP, Kelly RL, et al. The Safety of Blood Flow Restriction Training as a Therapeutic Intervention for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020;48(7):1773-1785. doi:10.1177/0363546519882652
6. Guddal MH, Stensland SØ, Småstuen MC, Johnsen MB, Zwart JA, Storheim K. Physical Activity Level and Sport Participation in Relation to Musculoskeletal Pain in a Population-Based Study of Adolescents: The Young-HUNT Study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2017;5(1). doi:10.1177/2325967116685543
7. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
8. Papaevangelou E, Papadopoulou Z, Michailidis Y, et al. Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness during a Season in Elite Female Soccer, Basketball, and Handball Players. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2023;13(17). doi:10.3390/app13179593
9. Gottlieb R, Shalom A, Alcaraz PE, Calleja-González J. Validity and reliability of a unique aerobic field test for estimating VO2max among basketball players. Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance. 2022;1(2):112-123. doi:10.55860/trmf2461
10. Grechishkina S, Shakhanova A, Silantyev M, Kuzmin A, Kalnaya E. The features of the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system of students attending specialized sports clubs (football, basketball). Indian J Sci Technol. 2015;8(29). doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i29/86576
11. Spahi A, Spahi A, Bilali A, Jarani J. The Role of a Training Program Based on Fitness and Athletics, to Improve the Cardi-Orespiratory Fitness and Agility to Young Basketball Players during a 6-Month Period.; 2016.
12. Leigh S, Rolfe B, Konz S. CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ALLEVIATES THE EFFECT OF FATIGUE ON BASKETBALL FREE THROW SHOOTING PERFORMANCE. https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol37/iss1/53
13. Andreoli CV, Chiaramonti BC, Buriel E, Pochini ADC, Ejnisman B, Cohen M. Epidemiology of sports injuries in basketball: Integrative systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2018;4(1). doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000468
14. Chen WH, Wu HJ, Lo SL, et al. EIGHT-WEEK BATTLE ROPE TRAINING IMPROVES MULTIPLE PHYSICAL FITNESS DIMENSIONS AND SHOOTING ACCURACY IN COLLEGIATE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr
15. Cristina de Carvalho Borges S, da Silva Valadão Fernandes M, Noll PR e S, et al. Musculoskeletal disorders in basketball players and associated factors: a systematic review protocol with meta-analysis. F1000Res. 2021;10:557. doi:10.12688/f1000research.53177.1
16. Hannington M, Tait T, Docking S, et al. Prevalence and Pain Distribution of Anterior Knee Pain in Collegiate Basketball Players. J Athl Train. 2022;57(4):319-324. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0604.20
17. Baranauskas M, Jablonskienė V, Abaravičius JA, Stukas R. Cardiorespiratory fitness and diet quality profile of the lithuanian team of deaf women’s basketball players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):1-17. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186749
18. Owoeye OBA, Neme JR, Buchanan P, Esposito F, Breitbach AP. Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(15). doi:10.3390/ijerph19159128
19. Torres-Ronda L, Ric A, Llabres-Torres I, et al. POSITION-DEPENDENT CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE AND TIME-MOTION ANALYSIS DURING TRAINING DRILLS AND FRIENDLY MATCHES IN ELITE MALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. www.nsca.com
20. Grier TL, Canham-Chervak M, Bushman TT, Anderson MK, North WJ, Jones BH. EVALUATING INJURY RISK AND GENDER PERFORMANCE ON HEALTH-AND SKILL-RELATED FITNESS ASSESSMENTS. www.nsca.com
21. Ibikunle PeterO, V.S Ubaezuonu. Cardiorespiratory Responses of Professional Male Volleyball and Basketball Players to Harvard Step Test. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education. 2016;03(03):54-61. doi:10.9790/6737-03035461
22. Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Šiupšinskas L, Gudas R. Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, pain, and illnesses in elite female basketball players. Medicina (Lithuania). 2019;55(6). doi:10.3390/medicina55060276
23. Galeoto G, Viglianisi KM, Berardi A, et al. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MSK-HQ) in a Population of Professional Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Lithuania). 2024;60(4). doi:10.3390/medicina60040664
24. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
25. Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, et al. High prevalence of low back pain among young basketball players with lower extremity pain: A cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13102-020-00189-6
26. Kariyawasam A, Ariyasinghe A, Rajaratnam A, Subasinghe P. Comparative study on skill and health related physical fitness characteristics between national basketball and football players in Sri Lanka. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4434-6
27. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
28. Nara DrK. A study of physical fitness between basketball and football players of Haryana. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education. 2017;2(1):01-04. doi:10.22271/journalofsport.2017.v2.i1a.78
29. Fell BL, Hanekom S, Heine M. Six-minute walk test protocol variations in low-resource settings - a scoping review. S Afr J Physiother. 2021;77. doi:10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1549
30. Rossi MK, Pasanen K, Heinonen A, et al. Incidence and risk factors for back pain in young floorball and basketball players: A Prospective study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018;28(11):2407-2415. doi:10.1111/sms.13237
31. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
32. Asadi A. Relationship between jumping ability, agility and sprint performance of elite young basketball players: a field-test approach. Brazilian J Kinanthropometry Hum Perform. 2016;18. doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p177
Hellström C, Nilsson KW, Leppert J, Åslund C. Effects of adolescent online gaming time and motives on depressive, musculoskeletal, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ups J Med Sci. 2015;120(4):263-275. doi:10.3109/03009734.2015.1049724
2. Aptel M. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb. Published online 2002.
3. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
4. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
5. Minniti MC, Statkevich AP, Kelly RL, et al. The Safety of Blood Flow Restriction Training as a Therapeutic Intervention for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020;48(7):1773-1785. doi:10.1177/0363546519882652
6. Guddal MH, Stensland SØ, Småstuen MC, Johnsen MB, Zwart JA, Storheim K. Physical Activity Level and Sport Participation in Relation to Musculoskeletal Pain in a Population-Based Study of Adolescents: The Young-HUNT Study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2017;5(1). doi:10.1177/2325967116685543
7. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
8. Papaevangelou E, Papadopoulou Z, Michailidis Y, et al. Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness during a Season in Elite Female Soccer, Basketball, and Handball Players. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2023;13(17). doi:10.3390/app13179593
9. Gottlieb R, Shalom A, Alcaraz PE, Calleja-González J. Validity and reliability of a unique aerobic field test for estimating VO2max among basketball players. Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance. 2022;1(2):112-123. doi:10.55860/trmf2461
10. Grechishkina S, Shakhanova A, Silantyev M, Kuzmin A, Kalnaya E. The features of the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system of students attending specialized sports clubs (football, basketball). Indian J Sci Technol. 2015;8(29). doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i29/86576
11. Spahi A, Spahi A, Bilali A, Jarani J. The Role of a Training Program Based on Fitness and Athletics, to Improve the Cardi-Orespiratory Fitness and Agility to Young Basketball Players during a 6-Month Period.; 2016.
12. Leigh S, Rolfe B, Konz S. CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ALLEVIATES THE EFFECT OF FATIGUE ON BASKETBALL FREE THROW SHOOTING PERFORMANCE. https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol37/iss1/53
13. Andreoli CV, Chiaramonti BC, Buriel E, Pochini ADC, Ejnisman B, Cohen M. Epidemiology of sports injuries in basketball: Integrative systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2018;4(1). doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000468
14. Chen WH, Wu HJ, Lo SL, et al. EIGHT-WEEK BATTLE ROPE TRAINING IMPROVES MULTIPLE PHYSICAL FITNESS DIMENSIONS AND SHOOTING ACCURACY IN COLLEGIATE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr
15. Cristina de Carvalho Borges S, da Silva Valadão Fernandes M, Noll PR e S, et al. Musculoskeletal disorders in basketball players and associated factors: a systematic review protocol with meta-analysis. F1000Res. 2021;10:557. doi:10.12688/f1000research.53177.1
16. Hannington M, Tait T, Docking S, et al. Prevalence and Pain Distribution of Anterior Knee Pain in Collegiate Basketball Players. J Athl Train. 2022;57(4):319-324. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0604.20
17. Baranauskas M, Jablonskienė V, Abaravičius JA, Stukas R. Cardiorespiratory fitness and diet quality profile of the lithuanian team of deaf women’s basketball players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):1-17. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186749
18. Owoeye OBA, Neme JR, Buchanan P, Esposito F, Breitbach AP. Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(15). doi:10.3390/ijerph19159128
19. Torres-Ronda L, Ric A, Llabres-Torres I, et al. POSITION-DEPENDENT CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE AND TIME-MOTION ANALYSIS DURING TRAINING DRILLS AND FRIENDLY MATCHES IN ELITE MALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. www.nsca.com
20. Grier TL, Canham-Chervak M, Bushman TT, Anderson MK, North WJ, Jones BH. EVALUATING INJURY RISK AND GENDER PERFORMANCE ON HEALTH-AND SKILL-RELATED FITNESS ASSESSMENTS. www.nsca.com
21. Ibikunle PeterO, V.S Ubaezuonu. Cardiorespiratory Responses of Professional Male Volleyball and Basketball Players to Harvard Step Test. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education. 2016;03(03):54-61. doi:10.9790/6737-03035461
22. Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Šiupšinskas L, Gudas R. Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, pain, and illnesses in elite female basketball players. Medicina (Lithuania). 2019;55(6). doi:10.3390/medicina55060276
23. Galeoto G, Viglianisi KM, Berardi A, et al. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MSK-HQ) in a Population of Professional Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Lithuania). 2024;60(4). doi:10.3390/medicina60040664
24. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
25. Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, et al. High prevalence of low back pain among young basketball players with lower extremity pain: A cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13102-020-00189-6
26. Kariyawasam A, Ariyasinghe A, Rajaratnam A, Subasinghe P. Comparative study on skill and health related physical fitness characteristics between national basketball and football players in Sri Lanka. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4434-6
27. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
28. Nara DrK. A study of physical fitness between basketball and football players of Haryana. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education. 2017;2(1):01-04. doi:10.22271/journalofsport.2017.v2.i1a.78
29. Fell BL, Hanekom S, Heine M. Six-minute walk test protocol variations in low-resource settings - a scoping review. S Afr J Physiother. 2021;77. doi:10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1549
30. Rossi MK, Pasanen K, Heinonen A, et al. Incidence and risk factors for back pain in young floorball and basketball players: A Prospective study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018;28(11):2407-2415. doi:10.1111/sms.13237
31. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
32. Asadi A. Relationship between jumping ability, agility and sprint performance of elite young basketball players: a field-test approach. Brazilian J Kinanthropometry Hum Perform. 2016;18. doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p177
2. Aptel M. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb. Published online 2002.
3. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
4. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
5. Minniti MC, Statkevich AP, Kelly RL, et al. The Safety of Blood Flow Restriction Training as a Therapeutic Intervention for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020;48(7):1773-1785. doi:10.1177/0363546519882652
6. Guddal MH, Stensland SØ, Småstuen MC, Johnsen MB, Zwart JA, Storheim K. Physical Activity Level and Sport Participation in Relation to Musculoskeletal Pain in a Population-Based Study of Adolescents: The Young-HUNT Study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2017;5(1). doi:10.1177/2325967116685543
7. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
8. Papaevangelou E, Papadopoulou Z, Michailidis Y, et al. Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness during a Season in Elite Female Soccer, Basketball, and Handball Players. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2023;13(17). doi:10.3390/app13179593
9. Gottlieb R, Shalom A, Alcaraz PE, Calleja-González J. Validity and reliability of a unique aerobic field test for estimating VO2max among basketball players. Scientific Journal of Sport and Performance. 2022;1(2):112-123. doi:10.55860/trmf2461
10. Grechishkina S, Shakhanova A, Silantyev M, Kuzmin A, Kalnaya E. The features of the functional state of the cardiorespiratory system of students attending specialized sports clubs (football, basketball). Indian J Sci Technol. 2015;8(29). doi:10.17485/ijst/2015/v8i29/86576
11. Spahi A, Spahi A, Bilali A, Jarani J. The Role of a Training Program Based on Fitness and Athletics, to Improve the Cardi-Orespiratory Fitness and Agility to Young Basketball Players during a 6-Month Period.; 2016.
12. Leigh S, Rolfe B, Konz S. CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS ALLEVIATES THE EFFECT OF FATIGUE ON BASKETBALL FREE THROW SHOOTING PERFORMANCE. https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol37/iss1/53
13. Andreoli CV, Chiaramonti BC, Buriel E, Pochini ADC, Ejnisman B, Cohen M. Epidemiology of sports injuries in basketball: Integrative systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2018;4(1). doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000468
14. Chen WH, Wu HJ, Lo SL, et al. EIGHT-WEEK BATTLE ROPE TRAINING IMPROVES MULTIPLE PHYSICAL FITNESS DIMENSIONS AND SHOOTING ACCURACY IN COLLEGIATE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr
15. Cristina de Carvalho Borges S, da Silva Valadão Fernandes M, Noll PR e S, et al. Musculoskeletal disorders in basketball players and associated factors: a systematic review protocol with meta-analysis. F1000Res. 2021;10:557. doi:10.12688/f1000research.53177.1
16. Hannington M, Tait T, Docking S, et al. Prevalence and Pain Distribution of Anterior Knee Pain in Collegiate Basketball Players. J Athl Train. 2022;57(4):319-324. doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0604.20
17. Baranauskas M, Jablonskienė V, Abaravičius JA, Stukas R. Cardiorespiratory fitness and diet quality profile of the lithuanian team of deaf women’s basketball players. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(18):1-17. doi:10.3390/ijerph17186749
18. Owoeye OBA, Neme JR, Buchanan P, Esposito F, Breitbach AP. Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(15). doi:10.3390/ijerph19159128
19. Torres-Ronda L, Ric A, Llabres-Torres I, et al. POSITION-DEPENDENT CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE AND TIME-MOTION ANALYSIS DURING TRAINING DRILLS AND FRIENDLY MATCHES IN ELITE MALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS. www.nsca.com
20. Grier TL, Canham-Chervak M, Bushman TT, Anderson MK, North WJ, Jones BH. EVALUATING INJURY RISK AND GENDER PERFORMANCE ON HEALTH-AND SKILL-RELATED FITNESS ASSESSMENTS. www.nsca.com
21. Ibikunle PeterO, V.S Ubaezuonu. Cardiorespiratory Responses of Professional Male Volleyball and Basketball Players to Harvard Step Test. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education. 2016;03(03):54-61. doi:10.9790/6737-03035461
22. Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Šiupšinskas L, Gudas R. Prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries, pain, and illnesses in elite female basketball players. Medicina (Lithuania). 2019;55(6). doi:10.3390/medicina55060276
23. Galeoto G, Viglianisi KM, Berardi A, et al. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire (MSK-HQ) in a Population of Professional Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study. Medicina (Lithuania). 2024;60(4). doi:10.3390/medicina60040664
24. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
25. Yabe Y, Hagiwara Y, Sekiguchi T, et al. High prevalence of low back pain among young basketball players with lower extremity pain: A cross-sectional study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2020;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13102-020-00189-6
26. Kariyawasam A, Ariyasinghe A, Rajaratnam A, Subasinghe P. Comparative study on skill and health related physical fitness characteristics between national basketball and football players in Sri Lanka. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1). doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4434-6
27. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
28. Nara DrK. A study of physical fitness between basketball and football players of Haryana. International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education. 2017;2(1):01-04. doi:10.22271/journalofsport.2017.v2.i1a.78
29. Fell BL, Hanekom S, Heine M. Six-minute walk test protocol variations in low-resource settings - a scoping review. S Afr J Physiother. 2021;77. doi:10.4102/sajp.v77i1.1549
30. Rossi MK, Pasanen K, Heinonen A, et al. Incidence and risk factors for back pain in young floorball and basketball players: A Prospective study. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018;28(11):2407-2415. doi:10.1111/sms.13237
31. Minghelli B, Queiroz S, Sousa I, Trajano J, Graça S, Silva V. Musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players Southern Portugal: Epidemiology and risk factors. North Clin Istanb. 2022;9(1):14-22. doi:10.14744/nci.2021.21549
32. Asadi A. Relationship between jumping ability, agility and sprint performance of elite young basketball players: a field-test approach. Brazilian J Kinanthropometry Hum Perform. 2016;18. doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n2p177
Hellström C, Nilsson KW, Leppert J, Åslund C. Effects of adolescent online gaming time and motives on depressive, musculoskeletal, and psychosomatic symptoms. Ups J Med Sci. 2015;120(4):263-275. doi:10.3109/03009734.2015.1049724
2. Aptel M. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limb. Published online 2002.
3. Šiupšinskas L, Garbenytė-Apolinskienė T, Salatkaitė S, Gudas R, Trumpickas V. Association of pre-season musculoskeletal screening and functional testing with sports injuries in elite female basketball players. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45773-0
4. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
5. Minniti MC, Statkevich AP, Kelly RL, et al. The Safety of Blood Flow Restriction Training as a Therapeutic Intervention for Patients With Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2020;48(7):1773-1785. doi:10.1177/0363546519882652
6. Guddal MH, Stensland SØ, Småstuen MC, Johnsen MB, Zwart JA, Storheim K. Physical Activity Level and Sport Participation in Relation to Musculoskeletal Pain in a Population-Based Study of Adolescents: The Young-HUNT Study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2017;5(1). doi:10.1177/2325967116685543
7. Mohamed AA, Zhang X, Jan YK. Evidence-based and adverse-effects analyses of cupping therapy in musculoskeletal and sports rehabilitation: A systematic and evidence-based review. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2023;36(1):3-19. doi:10.3233/BMR-210242
8. Papaevangelou E, Papadopoulou Z, Michailidis Y, et al. Changes in Cardiorespiratory Fitness during a Season in Elite Female Soccer, Basketball, and Handball Players. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). 2023;13(17). doi:10.3390/app13179593
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Feb 11, 2025
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Oken Dubi Jeram, Rabeena, Nidhi Oza, & Kanchan Dixit. (2025). ASSESSMENT OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AND PREVALENCE OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES IN STATE-LEVEL BASKETBALL PLAYERS -AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(1), 648-664. https://doi.org/10.53555/mrayy055
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Author Biographies
Oken Dubi Jeram
Student of BPT, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh-203201, India.
Rabeena
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh-203201, India.
Nidhi Oza
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh-203201, India.
Kanchan Dixit
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh-203201, India.
How to Cite
Oken Dubi Jeram, Rabeena, Nidhi Oza, & Kanchan Dixit. (2025). ASSESSMENT OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AND PREVALENCE OF WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURIES IN STATE-LEVEL BASKETBALL PLAYERS -AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 32(1), 648-664. https://doi.org/10.53555/mrayy055