RADIOIODINE THERAPY IN DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CARCINOMA: TRENDS IN DISCHARGE AND RADIATION DOSE RATES
Main Article Content
Keywords
Radioiodine Therapy, Dose administration, Dose rate, Well Differentiated Thyroid cancer, Follicular carcinoma thyroid, Endocrine Carcinoma
Abstract
The main treatment for metastatic well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is radioiodine therapy. Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) make about 95% of thyroid cancer diagnoses, making thyroid cancer the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Purpose of this study was to look into hospital discharge trends after radioiodine treatment and radiation dose rate emissions.
The patients with well-differentiated thyroid (DTC) were treated with I-131 from 2020-2024. At the Bahawalpur Institute of Nuclear Oncology, we retrospectively examined 124 DTC patients who had I-131 treatment (50-210 mCi). Radiation dose rates were recorded every day at a distance of one meter till discharge (≤25 µSv/hr). Comparison of dose rate emissions presented in a figure helped us to see the higher value of R1 as compared to R2 and R3. Hospital discharge patterns is displayed in table 1 showing that most of the patients were discharged after 72 hours.
No radiation dose was found to be less than 25 µSv/hr, and the majority of patients (58%) were released within 72 hours. The median age was 36 years old, and the female-to-male ratio was 2.4:1. Seventy percent of the histological subtypes were papillary carcinomas. Personalized treatment plans and enhanced radiation safety protocols are supported by our findings. The findings have consequences for clinical practice, emphasizing the necessity of customized I-131 dosing plans and uniform hospital discharge standards.
References
[2] “Papillary and Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma _ New England Journal of Medicine.” .
[3] S. Filetti et al., “Thyroid cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up,” Ann. Oncol., vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 1856–1883, 2019.
[4] S. Zhang et al., “The Effect of Radioiodine Therapy on the Prognosis of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with Lung Metastases,” Biomedicines, vol. 12, no. 3, 2024.
[5] D. Viola et al., “Treatment of advanced thyroid cancer with targeted therapies: Ten years of experience,” Endocr. Relat. Cancer, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. R185–R205, 2016.
[6] E. Molinaro et al., “Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: From clinicopathology to genetics and advanced therapies,” Nat. Rev. Endocrinol., vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 644–660, 2017.
[7] H. Lim, S. S. Devesa, J. A. Sosa, D. Check, and C. M. Kitahara, “Trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1974-2013,” JAMA - J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 317, no. 13, pp. 1338–1348, 2017.
[8] R. L. Siegel, K. D. Miller, H. E. Fuchs, and A. Jemal, “Cancer statistics, 2022,” CA. Cancer J. Clin., vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 7–33, 2022.
[9] L. Davies et al., “American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American College of Endocrinology Disease State Clinical Review: the Increasing Incidence of Thyroid Cancer,” Endocr. Pract., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 686–696, 2015.
[10] M. Schlumberger et al., “Definition and management of radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer,” Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol., vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 356–358, 2014.
[11] B. R. Haugen et al., “2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer,” Thyroid, vol. 26, no. 1. pp. 1–133, 2016.
[12] M. Santoro and R. M. Melillo, “Genetics: The genomic landscape of papillary thyroid carcinoma,” Nat. Rev. Endocrinol., vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 133–134, 2015.
[13] P. Petranović Ovčariček et al., “Molecular Theranostics in Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer,” Cancers (Basel)., vol. 15, no. 17, pp. 1–15, 2023.
[14] G. R. Gimblet et al., “PET Imaging of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with TSHR-Targeted [89Zr]Zr-TR1402,” Mol. Pharm., vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 3889–3896, 2024.
[15] J. Simões-Pereira et al., “Clinical and molecular characterisation of metastatic papillary thyroid cancer according to radioiodine therapy outcomes,” Endocrine, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 625–634, 2024.
[16] M. Javaid, “Thyroid cancer,” Endocr. Dis. Pregnancy Postpartum Period, pp. 55–63, 2021.
[17] N. Turner et al., “Emerging therapeutic options for follicular-derived thyroid cancer in the era of immunotherapy,” Front. Immunol., vol. 15, 2024.
[18] Z. Azizmohammadi et al., “A study of the time of hospital discharge of differentiated thyroid cancer patients after receiving iodine-131 for thyroid remnant ablation treatment,” Hell. J. Nucl. Med., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 103–106, 2013.
[19] C. Durante, G. Costante, and S. Filetti, “Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: Defining new paradigms for postoperative management,” Endocr. Relat. Cancer, vol. 20, no. 4, 2013.
[20] L. M. Zuberi, A. Yawar, N. Islam, and A. Jabbar, “Clinical presentation of thyroid cancer patients in Pakistan - AKUH experience,” J. Pak. Med. Assoc., vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 526–528, 2004.
[21] R. Rahbari, L. Zhang, and E. Kebebew, “Thyroid cancer gender disparity,” Futur. Oncol., vol. 6, no. 11, pp. 1771–1779, 2010.
[22] E. Khanafshar and R. V. Lloyd, “The spectrum of papillary thyroid carcinoma variants.,” Adv. Anat. Pathol., vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 90–97, 2011.
[23] V. A. Livolsi, “Papillary thyroid carcinoma: An update,” Mod. Pathol., vol. 24, pp. S1–S9, 2011.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Hafiz Sibtain Raza
Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Saeed Ahmad Buzdar
Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad Asghar Gadhi
Bahawalpur Institute of Nuclear-Medicine & Oncology (BINO), Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad Shahid Khan
Department of Physics, University of Okara, Pakistan
Malik Younas Imran
Bahawalpur Institute of Nuclear-Medicine & Oncology (BINO), Bahawalpur, Pakistan