ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY OF S. EPIDERMIDIS IN INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Antibiotics, Infective, Endocarditis, PCR, Staphylococcus, Epidermidis
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus epidermidis strains are considered to be one of the major causes of bacterial infective endocarditis. The present investigation was done to study the demographic prevalence and pattern of antibiotic resistance of S. epidermidis strains isolated from bacterial infective endocarditis patient blood.
Methods: Among admitted patients from 2022-2024 of Public hospitals, a cross-sectional investigation was done. The strains were cultured on various selective media and identified by biochemical tests and subjected to PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method as per guidelines of CLSI.
Results:
Out of 606 bacterial infective endocarditis patients were screened, 9% (54/606) were found positive for S. epidermidis in which 6.4% (39/606) were males and 2.4% (15/606) were female patients. However, 61-70 years old age group was highly affected with (5%). Baloch ethnic group was predominantly affected with (4.6%). Lower socioeconomic class was extremely affected with (5.2%). The main risk factor was dental procedures (3%) and intravascular catheters implantation (3%). S. epidermidis was highly resistant against Erythromycin (96%) and Amoxicillin (94%) while, susceptible against Meropenem (94%). PCR amplification was performed on positive isolates of S. epidermidis harbour 16Sr RNA gene of 478bps.
Conclusion: This study concluded that S. epidermidis emerged as a primary causative agent of bloodstream infections. Emerging antibiotic resistance emphasize the importance of ongoing surveillance and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Early identification of resistance profiles through laboratory testing and adherence to evidence-based treatment protocols are essential for improving outcomes in infective endocarditis patients.
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Sakina Khan
Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Dr. Muhammad Kamran Taj
Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
Ferhat Abbas
Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Jalil Ahmed Khan
Department of Pharmacy, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Zarina Khan
Department of Pharmacy, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Saima Azam
Center for Advanced Studies in Vaccinology and Biotechnology (CASVAB), University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Rubina Khan
Department of Microbiology, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University Quetta, Pakistan.
Nazira Rashid
Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
Lailamah Rahman Sherani
United Medical and Dental Collage Karachi, Pakistan
Ashiq Hussain
Department of Pathology, Jhalawan Medical College, Khuzdar, Balochistan.