SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON PREGNANCY OUTCOME FOLLOWING SPONTANEOUS ABORTIONS

Abstract

Background: Spontaneous abortion (SAB) or miscarriage, is a common complication in early pregnancy, affecting approximately 10-20% of recognized pregnancies. Women with this history may face an increased risk of adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancies. This study aims to evaluate pregnancy outcomes in women with a history of spontaneous abortion and identify factors influencing these outcomes.

Methodology: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines, incorporating an extensive search across major electronic databases. It includes various study types, consisting of analytical studies and full-text literature. The review specifically includes studies that provide information on the history of SAB and maternal and fetal outcomes. The risk of bias was assessed using established methodologies.

Results: A total of 10 studies were included, with the mean age of women ranged between 26 to 28 years. The majority of studies (61.67%) were categorized as low risk, indicating their reliability, while 20.00% were classified as unclear, showing some ambiguity but not invalidating the results. Studies supposed high risk (18.33%) indicated significant bias and potential errors. The findings suggest that women with a history of SAB had a higher incidence of preterm birth, cesarean section, low birth weight, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), placental abnormalities, and hypertensive disorders.

Conclusion: Most of the study results identified a history of abortion as a significant risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, including increased rates of pregnancy complications and maternal morbidity. Findings highlight the importance of careful monitoring and management in subsequent pregnancies for women with this history to improve both maternal and fetal outcomes. Further research is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms and to enhance care strategies for this population.