ISOLATION OF BACTERIOPHAGES AND THEIR EFFECT AGAINST MULTI DRUG RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
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Keywords
Bacteriophages, Sewage, Multi-drug resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, Antibacterial activity.
Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance poses a significant public health threat, prompting scientists to explore safer alternatives like phages for controlling bacteria.
Objectives: The study aimed to isolate indigenous bacteriophages and explore their antibacterial properties against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Methodology: Ear samples were used for S. aureus isolation, cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar, and identified through Gram staining and biochemical tests. MDRSA strains were confirmed using antibiotic disc diffusion and phage antibacterial activity determined. The study isolated phages from sewage water samples using a 0.22μm filter and MDRSA, and their antibacterial activity was assessed using the spot test method.
Results: Out of 44 samples, 45.45% (20) showed yellow-colored colonies on MSA, indicating gram-positive cocci in bunches, catalase, and coagulase test-positive. The antibiotic sensitivity results showed that 100% of the 20 S. aureus isolated strains were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, oxacillin, and amoxiclav drugs, while 100% were sensitive to gentamycin, amikacin, and Clindamycin. 90% to cefoxitin, 75% to ciprofloxacin, 65% to erythromycin, 30% to tetracycline, 20% to streptomycin, vancomycin, and norfloxacin, 15% to chloramphenicol, and 10% to kanamycin. Bacteriophages were isolated from sewage water and confirmed based on plaques. In the spot test, bacteriophages plaques were observed on spotted places.
Conclusion: In this study, the indigenous bacteriophages were successfully isolated, and they exhibited good antibacterial activity against MDRSA.
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Imdadullah Katohar
Institute Of Microbiology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Zuhaib Ahmed Samejo
Institute Of Microbiology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Amjad Ali Mughal
Institute Of Microbiology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Asif Raza Kanhar
Institute Of Microbiology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Sham lal
Institute Of Microbiology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Saifullah Khoharo
Institute Of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Sadullah Khoharo
Institute Of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Sanam Abro
Institute Of Zoology, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
Misbah Samejo
College of Nursing Female Sukkur, Pakistan