INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF ANALGESICS MEDICATIONS ON BLOOD PRESSURE

Abstract

Analgesics has commonly used in our culture. Its is one of the counter medicine (OTC). Analgesics are mostly used in geriatric population for the pain management of arthritis and other than arthritic pain. Mostly female used analgesics for psychogenic pain in daily life. In clinical practice, hypertension and pain commonly coexist because, like pain, hypertension is widely prevalent in the general and elderly population. Blood pressure (BP) readings are known to be impacted by pain and analgesic drugs, with presser effects differing depending on the length of discomfort and the drug class taken into consideration. Therefore, in hypertensive individuals, pain and analgesics may interfere with blood pressure regulation and may have an impact on the development of arterial hypertension.[i]

"An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience, associated with actual or potential tissue damage" is the definition of pain. Pain is typically divided into two categories based on how long it lasts: acute pain and chronic pain. Acute pain is a short-lived, abrupt physiological reaction to unpleasant stimuli that lasts for less than three months. Chronic pain lasts longer than the average recovery period, lasting three to six months or longer each time. One of the most prevalent health complaints among adults seeking medical attention is pain, especially in the elderly population. In primary care, acute pain is quite common, with headaches and low back pain being the most common causes. It is also typical in the hospital context, where 80% of patients report some form of pain, with 9–36% of those cases being classified as severe. Globally, 25–35% of persons have chronic pain, and the frequency of these cases rises with age. It is a primary cause of sadness, low life quality, limited mobility, and disability, all of which have a substantial negative impact on people's psychological wellbeing. In clinical practice, hypertension and pain often coexist because, like pain, hypertension is widely common in the general and elderly population. [ii]

Acute pain causes a stress reaction, which causes a brief rise in blood pressure. Impaired control of the cardiovascular and analgesic systems is linked to chronic pain, which may make a person more susceptible to ongoing blood pressure increase. Moreover, analgesics may have BP adverse effects that differ depending on the drug class. While there is disagreement over data regarding paracetamol, some studies suggest that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) may raise blood pressure, with celecoxib having the least effect.[iii] Opioid medications have been linked to hypotension. Adjuvants that potentiate adrenergic transmission include tricyclic antidepressants and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, which may have a pro-hypertensive effect. Analgesics and pain can cause a clinically significant instability of blood pressure. Future research should examine the effects on the occurrence of hypertension and blood pressure regulation, as they are currently unclear.[iv]