INVESTIGATING THE BIOCHEMICAL PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN GYNECOLOGICAL AGING: A STUDY OF HORMONAL FLUCTUATIONS, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
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Keywords
Gynecological aging, hormonal fluctuations, oxidative stress, reproductive health, menopause.
Abstract
Objective: This study investigates the biochemical pathways involved in gynecological aging, focusing on the role of hormonal fluctuations and oxidative stress and their implications for reproductive health.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 65 female participants aged 40–60 years. Hormonal levels (estrogen, progesterone, and FSH) and oxidative stress markers (MDA and TAC) were measured using blood samples. Patients were classified into early perimenopause, late perimenopause, and postmenopause groups. Statistical analyses, including correlation and regression, were used to evaluate relationships between hormones, oxidative stress, and aging.
Results: Estrogen and progesterone levels significantly decreased across the stages of reproductive aging, while FSH levels increased. Oxidative stress markers (MDA) rose, and antioxidant capacity (TAC) declined, especially in postmenopausal women. A strong negative correlation was found between estrogen and oxidative stress, while FSH positively correlated with oxidative damage.
Conclusion: It is concluded that hormonal fluctuations, particularly the decline in estrogen, combined with increased oxidative stress, accelerate gynecological aging and negatively impact reproductive health. Therapeutic approaches targeting oxidative stress and hormonal regulation may improve outcomes for aging women.
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Dr Tehmina Aziz
Consultant obe & gyn, Al-yamama hospital, Riyadh Second Health Cluster
Dr Beenish Haleem Riaz
Demonstrator, Gujranwala Medical College
Dr Ambreen Liaqat
Assistant Principal Medical Officer, Gujranwala Medical College
Dr Fauzia Shaokat
Demonstrator, Department of Biochemistry, Gujranwala Medical College.
Dr Nooria Hassan
Demonstrator, Department of Biochemistry, Gujranwala Medical College.
Dr Mariam Zakia Chaudhari
Assistant Professor Ophthalmology, Amna Inayat Medical College
Muhammad Shayyan Latif
Clinical Optometrist, Rehmat Tufail Trust Hospital, Canal View, Lahore