PREVALENCE AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERNS OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, Urinary tract infections, Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Glycemic control, Antibiotic resistance, E. coli.
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common complication in diabetic patients, particularly among women. Both symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) are prevalent in this population and are associated with poor glycemic control and increased susceptibility to antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of symptomatic and asymptomatic UTIs among diabetic patients and to assess the association between glycemic control and UTI occurrence. Additionally, the study sought to examine the antibiotic resistance patterns of isolated organisms.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 diabetic patients (45 males, 55 females) at Varun Arjun Medical College & Rohilkhand Hospital. Urine samples were collected for microscopy and culture, and antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed on isolates. Data on age, gender, glycemic control (HbA1c), and history of UTIs were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with p-values <0.05 considered significant.
Results: UTIs were observed in 30% of diabetic patients, with ASB accounting for 15%. Females were more affected, with a higher prevalence of both symptomatic and asymptomatic UTIs compared to males. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >9%) was significantly associated with UTI occurrence. E. coli was the most common pathogen, with high resistance to ampicillin but sensitivity to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.
Conclusions: The study highlights the high prevalence of UTIs among diabetic patients, especially women, and the significant role of glycemic control in infection risk. Antibiotic resistance remains a major concern, emphasizing the need for culture-based treatment. Further research is needed to assess the long-term risks of untreated ASB in diabetic patients.
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Dr. Uppula Prashanth Kumar
Post Graduate Junior Resident, Department of General Medicine.
Dr. Aditi srivastava
Professor and HOD, Department of General Medicine.
Dr. Dhanakar thakur
Professor, MBBS, MD General Medicine.
Dr. Tahir
Assistant Professor, MBBS, MD, Department of General Medicine. Varun Arjun Medical College & Rohilkhand Hospital